河南省2020-2021学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题含解析
初中
整体难度：偏难
2021-12-04
题号
一
二
三
四
五
评分
一、完型填空 (共2题)
添加该题型下试题
1.
Water is very important in our life. We drink it every day and 1 it to cook and wash things. We cannot live 2 water. But how can we save water?
There are several ways to save water. Firstly ， take shorter showers and don’t leave the tap 3 when we don’t need to use water. 4 ， try to reuse water. It’s the most important way for us to save water. At last ， we should not 5 water so that we will have 6 water for years and years.
To protect water is to 7 our life. Some people think there’s much water 8 the Earth. In fact ， there is only 9 water for us to use now. If we don’t save it ， it will surely be used out some day.
So we should save water in order to save 10 . Do you think so?
1 ． A ． put B ． make C ． take D ． use
2 ． A ． without B ． with C ． on D ． in
3 ． A ． stopping B ． rising C ． running D ． growing
4 ． A ． Second B ． Secondly C ． Moreover D ． However
5 ． A ． waste B ． use C ． pollute （污染） D ． drink
6 ． A ． fresh B ． new C ． good D ． hot
7 ． A ． make B ． live C ． protect D ． lose
8 ． A ． in B ． for C ． on D ． at
9 ． A ． a little B ． a few C ． little D ． few
10 ． A ． us B ． earth C ． world D ． ourselves
难度：
知识点：句型转换
使用次数：269
【答案】
1 ． D
2 ． A
3 ． C
4 ． B
5 ． C
6 ． A
7 ． C
8 ． C
9 ． A
10 ． D
【分析】
短文大意：本文主要讲述了水在人们生活中的重要性。为了人类的生存，应该节约用水。
1 ．句意：我们每天喝水，用它做饭、洗衣服。 put 放置； make 制作； take 拿，花费； use 用。 use…to do 用 …… 作 …… 。故选 D 。
2 ．句意：没有水我们不能生存。 without 没有； with 带有； on 在上面； in 在里面。根据常识，没有水，我们不能生存。故选 A 。
3 ．句意：首先， 缩短淋浴时间，当我们不需要使用水时，不要让水流着。 stopping 停止； rising 上升； running 跑、运行； growing 生长。根据 “when we don’t need to use water. ” 可知不要让谁流。故选 C 。
4 ．句意：其次，尽量重复使用水。 Second 数词，第二； Secondly 副词，第二、其次； Moreover 此外； However. 然而。放在句首用副词，故选 B 。
5 ．句意：最后，我们不应该污染水，这样我们年复一年就有新鲜干净的水了。 waste 浪费； use 用； pollute （污染）； drink 喝。根据 “ 我们可以年复一年地使用干净水 ” 可知不污染水，故选 C 。
6 ．句意：最后，我们不应该污染水，这样我们年复一年就有新鲜干净的水了。 fresh 新鲜干净的； new 新的； good 好的； hot 热的。根据句意，故选 A 。
7 ．句意：保护水就是保护我们的生命。 make 制作； live 住； protect 保护； lose 失去。 protect water 保护水； protect our life 保护生命。故选 C 。
8 ．句意：有些人认为地球上有很多水。 in 在里面； for 为； on 在 …… 上面； at 在。 on the Earth 在地球上。故选 C 。
9 ．句意：事实上，现在我们只有少量水可以用了。 a little 一点，表示肯定的意思； a few 几个，肯定含义； little 很少，否定含义； few 很少，否定含义。 little 修饰不可数名词； few 修饰可数名词。根据句意，故选 A 。
10 ．句意：为了拯救自己，所以我们应该节约用水。 us 我们，宾格； earth 地球； world 世界； ourselves 我们自己。节约用水是为了拯救我们自己。故选 D 。
2.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you know anything about a cold? About 100 different k 1 ． of germs can cause a cold. Anybody can catch a cold. If you have a sore t 2 ． and a cough, you might catch a cold. If you get a headache and feel 3 ． ( 疲劳的 ), you might also catch a cold. Some people have a fever when they catch colds. Colds are usually not serious. They usually last three 4 ． four days.
When you catch a cold, it’s a good idea to 5 ． a lot of water. You can also take some 6 ． [ˈmedɪsn] for aches and pains. But if your fever goes above ( 高于 ) 39℃ or the cold lasts for more than ten days, you n 7 ． to see a doctor.
Everyone can have two or three colds a year, it’s 8 ． serious. 9 ． , if you often get a cold, it means you’re not so strong. You can do more 10 ． ( 锻炼 ) to avoid catching a cold.
难度：
知识点：健康
使用次数：140
【答案】
1 ． (k)inds
2 ． (t)hroat
3 ． tired
4 ． or
5 ． drink
6 ． medicine
7 ． (n)eed
8 ． nothing
9 ． However
10 ． exercise
【分析】
本文科普了有关感冒的相关情况。
1 ．
句意：大约有 100 种不同的细菌可以引起感冒。 different kinds of ：各种，故填 (k)inds 。
2 ．
句意：如果你喉咙痛又咳嗽，你可能会感冒。根据 “have a sore” 及首字母可知，此处指嗓子疼，故填 (t)hroat 。
3 ．
句意：如果你感到头痛和疲劳，你可能也会感冒。 feel 后接形容词作表语， tired ：疲惫的，故填 tired 。
4 ．
句意：它们通常持续三到四天。根据 “three…four days” 可知，此处指三天或四天，故填 or 。
5 ．
句意：当你感冒时，多喝水是个好主意。根据 “it’s a good idea to … a lot of water” 可知，此处指多喝水，动词不定式符号 to 后接动词原形，故填 drink 。
6 ．
句意：你也可以吃些治疼痛的药。根据音标可知，此空应填不可数名词 medicine 表示 “ 药物 ” ，故填 medicine 。
7 ．
句意：但如果你的体温超过 39℃ 或感冒持续超过 10 天，你就需要去看医生。根据 “ But if your fever goes above ( 高于 ) 39℃ or the cold lasts for more than ten days” 及首字母可知，如果高烧不退，需要看医生， need to do sth ：需要做某事，主语 you 是第二人称，句子是一般现在时，动词用原形，故填 (n)eed 。
8 ．
句意：每个人一年都可能得两三次感冒，没什么大不了的。根据 “Everyone can have two or three colds a year” 可知，这是很正常的现象，没什么大不了， nothing serious ：没什么大问题，故填 nothing 。
9 ．
句意：然而，如果你经常感冒，这意味着你没有那么强壮。此空位于句首，空格后有逗号隔开，应填副词，前后文表转折，故填 However 。
10 ．
句意：你可以多做运动以免感冒。 exercise ：锻炼，不可数名词，故填 exercise 。
二、阅读理解 (共4题)
添加该题型下试题
1.
Bicycles in China
Bicycles are very popular in China. In our country you can see bicycles almost everywhere. When you walk on the road, you will find a lot of people riding bicycles to schools, shops and anywhere else. Therefore( 因此 ), China is known as “ the kingdom of bicycles ”. In China, many families have one or two bicycles.
Compared( 与 …… 比 ) with cars, bicycles have many advantages. First, they are much cheaper than cars. Most Chinese can’t afford cars, but they can afford bicycles. Second, bicycles are small enough to park anywhere, while cars need a larger piece of land to park. What’s more, with lower speed, bicycles are safer than cars.
However, bicycles also bring some problems. Some riders don’t obey the traffic rules and some riders don’t think about others’ safety. So they ride too fast. During rush hours, too many bicycles may cause traffic jams. We still have a long way to go to solve the problem .
1 ． Where can you see bicycles in China?
A ． In the big city. B ． In the town.
C ． In the country. D ． Almost everywhere.
2 ． “The kingdom of bicycles” here is saying ____.
A ． China has a large number of bicycles B ． China makes bicycles
C ． bicycles are a kingdom D ． only China has bicycles
3 ． Which of the following is NOT an advantage of bicycles?
A ． Bicycles are much cheaper than cars. B ． Bicycles are easy to park.
C ． Bicycles are more beautiful than cars. D ． Bicycles are safer than cars.
4 ． What problems can bicycles bring?
A ． Bicycles are more and more expensive.
B ． Riding bicycles is more dangerous than driving cars.
C ． There are no places for so many bicycles.
D ． Too many bicycles may cause traffic jams.
5 ． What does the last sentence mean?
A ． We should drive cars instead of riding bicycles.
B ． It’s too far to ride bicycles.
C ． Bicycles are safe enough.
D ． We still need to do much to solve the problem.
难度：
知识点：说明文
使用次数：257
【答案】
1 ． D
2 ． A
3 ． C
4 ． D
5 ． D
【分析】
文章讲述了中国作为自行车王国而著名，自行车有很多优点，便宜、占地小、更安全，但是也有问题，就是有些人不遵守交通规则，有的人骑得太快，上班高峰期，太多的自行车引起交通拥堵。
1 ．细节理解题。根据 In our country you can see bicycles almost everywhere. 可知在我们国家你几乎到处都能看到自行车。故选 D 。
2 ．细节理解题。根据 China is known as“the kingdom of bicycles”. In China, many families have one or two bicycles. 可知中国有大量的自行车。故选 A 。
3 ．细节理解题。根据 First, they are much cheaper than cars. Second, bicycles are small enough to park anywhere, while cars need a larger piece of land to park. What’s more, with lower speed, bicycles are safer than cars. 自行车的优点文中有三处：一是便宜，二是易停放， 三是安全。故选 C 。
4 ．细节理解题。根据由 too many bicycles may cause traffic jams 可知太多的自行车也能导致交通堵塞。故选 D 。
5 ．句意猜测题。根据 We still have a long way to go ... 意为 “ 解决这个问题我们有很长的路要走 ” ，意思是解决这个问题我们仍然需要做很多事情；故选 D 。
【点睛】
短文阅读，做题时要结合文章的特点，题目涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断，做题时要在了解文章大意的基础上，结合题目针对不同的题型采用不同的解答方式，比如细节理解题，我们要抓住里面的最有效的信息选择出正确的答案，总之理解透文章是做好一篇阅读理解的关键。例如：小题 1 细节理解题。根据 In our country you can see bicycles almost everywhere. 可知在我们国家你几乎到处都能看到自行车。故选 D 。
2.
Two men were sitting together in a plane.They were on a long journey.One of the men was a businessman.The other was a farmer.They sat without talking for a while ， but then the farmer said ， “Let's do something to pass the time.”
“What do you want to do ？ ” the businessman asked.
“We can ask each other riddles ， ” the farmer said.
“OK.Let's make rules first ， ” the businessman said.“If you don't know the answer to a riddle ， you pay me $100.And if I don't know the answer ， I'll pay you $100.”
“That's not fair( 公平 ) ． You are a businessman with much knowledge.You know more things than I do.I am just a farmer ， ” the farmer said.
“That's true ， ” the businessman said.“What do you want us to do ？ ”
“If you don't know the answer to a riddle ， you pay me $100.And if I don't know the answer ， I'll pay you $50 ， ” the farmer said.The businessman thought about this.Then he said ， “OK.That's fair.Who will go first ？ ”
“I will ， ” the farmer said.“Here is my riddle.What has three legs when it walks ， but only two legs when it flies ？ ”
The businessman thought for a long time and said ， “Mm ， that's a good one.I'm afraid I don't know the answer.” He gave the farmer $100.Then he said ， “Tell me the answer.”
“I don't know ， ” the farmer said.Then he gave the businessman $50.
1 ． The story happened ____.
A ． on a farm
B ． in a shop
C ． before a long plane journey
D ． between two passengers
2 ． What does the word “riddle” mean in this story?
A ． Something to win money.
B ． Something to help to make rules.
C ． A difficult question to find the answer to.
D ． A kind of game in doing business.
3 ． Why did the businessman agree to give more money if he lost?
A ． He made much more money than the farmer.
B ． He thought he knew more than the farmer.
C ． He was interested in making riddles.
D ． He was better at playing riddle games.
4 ． The farmer ____.
A ． didn't enjoy himself on his long journey
B ． didn't want to pay even one dollar
C ． spent all his money on the plane ticket
D ． won fifty dollars by playing the riddle game
5 ． Which of the following is NOT true?
A ． The two men made rules for their riddle game.
B ． The farmer was more clever than the businessman.
C ． The two men made their riddle game more interesting by playing it for money.
D ． The businessman knew the answer to this riddle.
难度：
知识点：家庭、朋友与周围的人
使用次数：225
【答案】
1 ． D
2 ． C
3 ． B
4 ． D
5 ． D
【分析】
文章大意：本文主要讲述了一个农夫和一个商人一起坐飞机，这是一个很长的旅途。为了打发时间，他们做了一个猜谜游戏，如果农夫赢了，商人给农夫 100 美元；如果商人赢了，农夫给商人 50 美元；结果农夫赢了 50 美元。
1 ．细节理解题。根据原文 Two men were sitting together in a plane.They were on a long journey. 两个人坐在一架飞机上，这是一个长长的旅途。结合选项可知 D 选项符合题意，故答案选 D 。
2 ．词义猜测题。根据原文 “What do you want to do ？ ” the businessman asked.“We can ask each other riddles.” the farmer said. 以及下文 That's not fair( 公平 ) ． You are a businessman with much knowledge.You know more things than I do.I am just a farmer. 可知这里 riddle 的意思应该是难以找到答案的难题或者难解之谜，即谜语，结合选项可知 C 选项符合题意，故答案选 C 。
3 ．细节理解题。根据原文 “That's not fair( 公平 ) ． You are a businessman with much knowledge.You know more things than I do.I am just a farmer.” the farmer said.“That's true.” the businessman said.“What do you want us to do ？ ” 可知，商人提议不知道答案的一方给对方 100 美元，但是农民觉得不公平，并表示商人知道的东西比他多。此时商人的回答 “That's true” 表明，商人认为自己比农民知道的多。结合选项可知 B 选项符合题意，故答案选 B 。
4 ．推理判断题。根据原文 “I'm afraid I don't know the answer.” He gave the farmer $100.Then he said,“Tell me the answer.”“I don't know.” the farmer said.Then he gave the businessman $50. “ 恐怕我不知道答案。 ” 他给了农夫 100 美元。然后他说： “ 告诉我答案。 ”“ 我不知道。 ” 农夫说。然后他给了商人 50 美元。由此可推知农夫玩谜语游戏赢了 50 美元，故答案选 D 。
5 ．理解判断题。根据原文 The businessman thought for a long time and said ， “Mm ， that's a good one.I'm afraid I don't know the answer.” 商人想了很久说： “ 这的确是个不错的迷，恐怕我不知道谜底。 ” 可知，商人不知道谜语的答案，故答案选 D 。
3.
Clothes are important and necessary to us, but do you know how to choose suitable clothes in a correct way? Here are some ideas for you.
When you go shopping and want to buy some clothes, you should think about which kind of clothes you really need and decide how much money you can spend on them. Then look at the labels that are inside the new clothes. They tell you how to take care of the clothes. The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. A sweater label may tell you to wash it in cold water. The label on a coat may say “dry clean only” and cleaning in water may ruin ( 损坏 ) this coat. If you do as the directions say on the label, you can keep your clothes looking their best.
Many clothes today must be dry-cleaned. Dry cleaning is expensive. When buying new clothes, you had better check if they need to be dry-cleaned. You can save money if you buy clothes that can be washed or that are well-made. Well-made clothes last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times.
Clothes that cost more money don’t always mean they are better made. They may not fit you, either. On the other hand, less expensive clothes may sometimes look better and fit you well.
1 ． The first thing for you to do before you buy clothes is ________.
A ． to know how to wash them B ． to 1ook for well-made clothes
C ． to read the directions inside them D ． to see which kind of clothes you need
2 ． According to the passage, a sweater may be ________.
A ． washed in cold water B ． washed once a week
C ． washed in hot water D ． dry-cleaned only
3 ． The underlined word “label” means ________ in Chinese.
A ．品牌 B ．标签 C ．价格 D ．尺寸
4 ． ________ look good even after they have been washed a lot of times.
A ． Cheap clothes B ． Expensive clothes C ． Dry-cleaned clothes D ． Well-made clothes
5 ． What does the passage mainly talk about?
A ． Buying less expensive clothes. B ． Washing clothes in a right way.
C ． Being a clever clothes shopper. D ． Choosing the well-made clothes.
难度：
知识点：说明文
使用次数：209
【答案】
1 ． D
2 ． A
3 ． B
4 ． D
5 ． C
【分析】
文章告诉我们，购买衣服时，我们要怎样才能做一个精明的购买者，不是最贵的就是最好的，而适合我们的才是最好的。
1 ．
细节理解题。根据 “When you go shopping and want to buy some clothes, you should think about which kind of clothes you really need and decide how much money you can spend on them.” 可知，当你去购物想买一些衣服时，你应该考虑哪种衣服你真的需要并且决定你可以花多少钱。故选 D 。
2 ．
细节理解题。根据 “A sweater label may tell you to wash it in cold water.” 可知，毛衣标签上可能会告诉你要用冷水洗。 故选 A 。
3 ．
词句猜测题。分析 “Then look at the labels that are inside the new clothes.” 和后文内容可知，文章多次提到 label 上写着一些有关衣服的注意事项，因此推测 label 意为 “ 标签 ” 。故选 B 。
4 ．
细节理解题。根据 “Well-made clothes last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times.” 可知，质量好的衣服在洗了多次之后，看起来也是很好的。故选 D 。
5 ．
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章告诉我们，购买衣服时，我们要怎样才能做一个精明的购买者，不是最贵的就是最好的，而适合我们的才是最好的。故选 C 。
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