Earlier this year, China achieved a new milestone(里程碑) in space exploration. On Jan 3, Chang'e 4 became the first space probe(探测器) in history to successfully land on the far side (dark side) of the moon. After a 26-day journey, it touched softly down on a crater. The whole process of landing lasted 12 minutes, which opened a new page in history of mankind's space exploration.
The far side of the moon is the side that we can not see. We don't know much about it. This landing is of great importance. The far side of the moon is an ideal (理想的 ) place for scientific research.It may have unique minerals (矿物质 ) and other resources. Scientists can make clearer observations of deep space from there.
Chang'e 4 has sent back photos of the far side of the moon. It is also being used to carry out experiments. The data (数据 ) collected from these experiments could be used to help us build a base on the moon in the future. The success of the Chang'e 4 mission (任务 ) is a major achievement for China's space program.
China launched its lunar (月球的 ) exploration program in 2004, naming it Chang'e. Chinese scientists set three goals—“orbiting (环绕运行 ) , landing and sample (样本 ) returning”. Chang'e 4 has realized the second goal. The third will be achieved during the Chang'e 5 mission, which is set to take place before the end of this year.
Following the success of the Chang'e missions, Chinese scientists are looking even farther into our solar system (太阳系 ) . China's first Mars mission is expected to be carried out by 2020.
31. Chang'e 4 is the first space probe in the world to land .
A. in deep space B. on the moon
C. on the near side of the moon D. on the far side of the moon
32. What's the most important about the landing place?
A. It's far from the earth. B. It has many resources.
C. It's ideal for scientific research. D. It's dark and unknown.
33. The underlined word “observations” in paragraph 2 means________.
A. 学习 B. 观察 C. 描述 D. 庆祝
34. Which of the following is the second goal of China’s lunar exploration grogram?
A. Landing on the moon. B. Bring some samples back to the earth.
C. Building a base on the moon. D. Travelling around the moon.
35. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. The Space Probe. B. Exploring the Moon.
C. The Three Goals. D. Exploring the Mars.
31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解析】
本篇文章难度适中,主要讲述嫦娥四号成为历史上第一个登录月球背面的重要事件,标志着我国深空探索进入了新的阶段,随着嫦娥任务的成功,科学家正在进一步探索我们的太阳系,中国第一个火星任务将在2020年完成。
31.细节理解题。根据On Jan 3, Chang'e 4 became the first space probe(探测器) in history to successfully land on the far side (dark side) of the moon可知,嫦娥四号是世界上第一个登录到月球背面的探测器,故选D。
32.细节理解题。根据This landing is of great importance. The far side of the moon is an ideal (理想的 ) place for scientific research可知,它是科学研究的理想场所,故选C。
33.词义猜测题。根据It may have unique minerals (矿物质) and other resources. Scientists can make clearer observations of deep space from there可知,它可能有独特的矿物质和其他的资源,而且科学家能够对深空进行更清晰的观察,所以observation的意思为观察,故选B。
34.细节理解题。根据Chinese scientists set three goals—“orbiting (环绕运行 ) , landing and sample (样本 ) returning”可知,中国科学家制定了三个目标:环绕运行、登录和采集样本返回三个阶段,所以第二阶段是登录月球,故选A。
35.主旨大意题。根据全文可知,本文主要讲述嫦娥四号登录到月球背面这一重大事件,并且讲述月球探险项目的目标以及此次事件的意义。都是围绕探险月球展开的,故选B。
1.审视标题,抓住中心
试题中有的文章有标题,有的没有,拟题人是有所考虑的。标题是文章主题的高度凝聚。
它能给我们启发和想象,想象文章的内容和走向。这样做有利于对文章的理解,能提高做题的效率。
2.浏览全文,掌握全貌
如果时间紧,至少要快速通读全文,尤其是首两段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来,这样全文的梗概便一目了然了。
3.细读题目,抓住要点
对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后,要马上看短文后的问题,带着问题去选择或判断答案。要确定所需查找的信息范围,并注意所查找信息的特点。例如:
如果问题或选项涉及到人名、地名,就应该找首字母大写的单词;如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字,就应该寻找具体的数据。
另外还要注意试题难易,应暂时绕开那些少数较难的题目,先做最有把握、最熟悉的题目,也就是该类题可以直接或间接从文章中找到的。
而对于那些要通过对文章归纳判断、逻辑推理的题目,需要再对全文快速阅读,仔细分析思考,反复比较、推敲选出正确答案。
若文章短可先读短文,后看文后题目;如果文章太长,你可以先把文章后面的问题看一遍,带着问题去看文章。这样可以帮助你去掉杂念,提高阅读速度和解题的正确性。
要善于找关键句,特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句话,往往就是关键句,可以帮助你掌握文章的全貌,理解文章的主题。
此外,还应该细读文章,因为有时的试题是考细节。可以边读边用铅笔做点标记,把有关的画出来。凡逢人物就圈起来,看完一数,有几个圈就是几个人,一目了然。
4.细读文章,掌握细节
这次应细品,不可一晃而过。可边读边用铅笔做些记录,把有关的人物、事件、时间、地点、起因(即五个W:who, what, when, where, why)划出来。
经过这样的处理,你对文章的内容和细节便会胸有成竹,对事态的发生、发展和解决有了更加深入的了解。
5.理解大意,初选答案
一般短文都设有五个题目,对那些表层理解的题目可以断然选定。
对那些深层理解的题目,应再查阅原文,但决不是简单重读,应找出依据,把所答案代入文中,再确定正误。
在确定答案时,对文章和题中的词语应结合上下文思考其确切意思,切忌望文生义,作出错误的判断。
6.复读全文,核对答案
要用全文的主题思想统率各思考题,研究其内在的联系和逻辑关系,并依次审核那些未获解答的题,对照题目,推测判断,确保理解无误。
7.瞻前顾后,首尾突破
对一具体问题不要局限于一词一事,而应从短文整体考虑,从主线向外扩展,打开思路,前后上下对照。这样,可减少“钻牛角尖”和“繁琐分析”。而且,在中考试题中,即使是事实和细节题,也是“围绕或用以说明主旨和大意”的。大多数短文,尤其是新闻报道或议论文的第一段,或每段的第一句,常包含了全文的主要信息或基本观点;
而结尾部分常是结局或结论。寓言或幽默文字的结尾也往往是点晴之笔或值得玩味之处。
因此,抓住首尾往往抓住了主要矛盾,主要矛盾解决了,次要矛盾也就迎刃而解了。
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