2021年江苏省南京市中考英语真题含详解
初中
整体难度：中等
2021-06-25
题号
一
二
三
四
五
评分
一、阅读理解 (共4题)
添加该题型下试题
1.
You must have many hobbies, reading, painting and so on. One day, you happen to see a poster, “ World Book Day. ” Interested, you stop and read the poster.
1 ． World Book Day is a special day for people to ________.
A ． celebrate the joy of reading B ． change lives by raising money
C ． meet famous authors at home D ． enjoy writing in local communities
2 ． According to the poster, if you want to read stories with your parents, you can join ________.
A ． Share A Story Live B ． Share A Story Corner
C ． World Book Day Book Club D ． Raising money, raising readers
3 ． The designer uses words and pictures in the poster to ________.
A ． catch readers’ attention B ． encourage families to write books
C ． help readers form reading habits D ． recommend different types of books
难度：
知识点：应用文
使用次数：131
【答案】
1 ． A
2 ． B
3 ． A
【分析】
本文是世界读书日的海报，向我们介绍世界读书日的相关活动。
1 ．
细节理解题。根据 “World Book Day is an excellent chance for everyone to celebrate the joy of reading.” 可知，世界读书日是每个人庆祝阅读乐趣的绝佳机会。故选 A 。
2 ．
细节理解题。根据 “Share A Story Corner-stories to encourage families to read together.” 可知，分享故事角 —— 鼓励家庭一起阅读的故事。故选 B 。
3 ．
推理判断题。本文是世界读书日的海报，作者使用文字和图片是为了吸引读者的注意力。故选 A 。
2.
Imagine you choose to join WorldBook Day Book Club. Now you are reading a book on art for children.
About art
Art is a vast subject, including all kinds of pictures and sculptures. This book introduces 32 works by some of the world’s most famous artists. This is only a small selection, but it reveals （揭示） huge differences in what artists do.
Why make art?
Artists make art for many reasons. Sometimes, they just want to create something beautiful. But hundreds of years ago-when many people couldn’t read-paintings were often designed to illustrate stories.
Very grand paintings were usually made to order, for wealthy clients who wanted to impress people. More recently, artists have begun to paint to express their own feelings or explore ideas.
About this book
The pictures reproduced in this book were painted over the last 500 years. They are arranged （排列） in order of date, so you can see how ideas about art have changed over time. If you would like to see more art, there is lots on the Internet-just follow the links recommended throughout the book. If you can, visit an art gallery too, so you can experience seeing the “real thing” .
4 ． Why are the works introduced in the book?
A ． To tell readers huge differences in what artists do.
B ． To offer readers all kinds of pictures and sculptures.
C ． To share every famous artist’s life story with readers.
D ． To introduce a number of works from an artist to readers.
5 ． The works in the book are arranged in order of ________
A ． size B ． space C ． time D ． importance
6 ． The passage above mainly _________.
A ． gives an introduction to the book B ． shows the size of each part in the book
C ． shows the number of the artists in the book D ． gives the reasons to order paintings in the book
难度：
知识点：说明文
使用次数：215
【答案】
4 ． A
5 ． C
6 ． A
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍一本关于艺术的书。
4 ．
细节理解题。根据 “This is only a small selection, but it reveals （揭示） huge differences in what artists do.” 可知，这只是一小部分，但它揭示了艺术家们所做的巨大差异。故选 A 。
5 ．
细节理解题。根据 “They are arranged （排列） in order of date” 可知，它们是按日期顺序排列的，故选 C 。
6 ．
主旨大意题。本文向我们介绍一本关于艺术的书，选项 A“ 为这本书作了介绍 ” 符合主题，故选 A 。
3.
To improve your reading, you can try the form of readers’ theatre, a formatted script for readers to read aloud. It’s so interesting!
Cast of Characters: Narrator, Kayla, Ms. Lee, Zack
Narrator: On a sunny day in southern Texas, Ms. Lee’s students gathered in the school playground.
Ms. Lee: Tomorrow is the day of the sidewalk （人行道） chalk-art festival. The principal has allowed us to practise our wet-chalk drawing on the playground sidewalk, which will be our studio. Remember, whenever you want to draw on a sidewalk, always ask an adult in charge for permission before you draw. Now let’s review the steps of wet-chalk drawing. What do we do first?
Narrator: As the students told her the steps in order, Ms. Lee wrote them on a large pad of paper. When she finished writing, she pulled the paper off the pad and displayed the directions so everyone could read them. Then the students chose and soaked （浸湿） their pieces of chalk. Meanwhile, Kayla and Zack planned their drawing.
Kayla: Let’s draw a jungle feast. Parrots can be eating all kinds of fruit.
Zack: I’ll draw a model train carrying food to the birds.
Narrator: The students removed their pieces of chalk from the water and drew. As Zack drew a sweeping curve of train track, his hand knocked over the jar of water. He and Kayla watched water streak across their drawing.
Zack: Our drawing is ruined （毁坏）！
Kayla: Don’t be so worried! Quick, mix the water and the chalk together! Now let’s use more chalk and smear （涂抹） it around.
Narrator: Kayla and Zack worked quickly. The smeared colours looked glorious, like rich, thick frosting on a cake.
Ms. Lee: That looks great! That’s a special method you’re using, kids. Are you two interested in taking part in the chalk-art festival tomorrow? The timetable for the festival says that drawing starts at 9:00 a.m.
Kayla and Zack: Sure!
Kayla: Tomorrow we’ll pour water over our drawing on purpose .
Zack: Then we’ll know just what to do!
7 ． What do we know about readers’ theatre?
A ． A place for readers to enjoy plays.
B ． A reading material for people to read aloud.
C ． A series of steps for children to draw on the sidewalk.
D ． A number of people gathering together to play games.
8 ． What does the underlined word “ streak ” in the passage mean?
A ． Rise rapidly. B ． Move quickly. C ． Disappear suddenly. D ． Swim slowly.
9 ． The narrator in the readers’ theatre ________.
A ． tells the whole story in a silent way B ． gives instructions to the characters
C ． helps the characters understand the story D ． describes settings and events
10 ． What does the underlined sentence “Tomorrow we’ll pour water over our drawing on purpose.” at the end of the passage mean?
A ． Kayla and Zack will ruin their drawing with water for fun.
B ． Kayla and Zack will find the steps by accident by themselves.
C ． Kayla and Zack will draw as well as their teacher by pouring water.
D ． Kayla and Zack will draw pictures using the method they discovered today.
难度：
知识点：个人兴趣
使用次数：256
【答案】
7 ． C
8 ． B
9 ． D
10 ． D
【分析】
本文是为了提高阅读能力而进行的读者剧院，人物包括解说员、凯拉、李女士和扎克。
7 ．
细节理解题。根据 “Ms. Lee’s students gathered in the school playground.” 和 “Tomorrow is the day of the sidewalk （人行道） chalk-art festival.” 可知，明天是人行道粉笔艺术节的日子，学生们可以在人行道上画画。故选 C 。
8 ．
词句猜测题。分析 “As Zack drew a sweeping curve of train track, his hand knocked over the jar of water. He and Kayla watched water streak across their drawing.” 可知，当扎克画了一个火车轨道的曲线时，他的手打翻了水罐，他和凯拉看着水在他们的画上迅速流过。此处 streak 的意思是 “ 快速移动 ” ，故选 B 。
9 ．
推理判断题。根据文章中内容可知，读者剧场中的解说员描述场景和事件。故选 D 。
10 ．
词句猜测题。根据前文内容可知，扎克意外将水罐打翻却得到了更好的结果，所以 “Tomorrow we’ll pour water over our drawing on purpose.” 的意思是凯拉和扎克会用他们今天发现的方法画画。故选 D 。
4.
After reading so much, you may wonder how to make a book. It’s time for you to have a try!
Have you ever wondered how a book is made? It takes a lot of people to make a book. It can take months, or even years, for a book to go from an idea to a finished product.
A book begins when an author comes up with an idea for a book. Authors get ideas in different ways. They may get ideas from their own lives, from watching the world around them, or from reading.
Next, an author may plan the book by making an outline （提纲） . Sometimes authors do research to gather information. They may read books or articles. They may interview people or visit places.
Then, the author begins to write. Authors may write for months or years to finish a manuscript. A manuscript is the text an author produces for publication.
Finally, the author sends the completed manuscript to a publisher. If the publisher decides to publish the book, the author works with an editor. An editor reads the manuscript. Then he or she recommends changes to improve the book. A copy editor reads the manuscript to correct any grammatical mistake.
After an author makes the suggested changes, a designer may decide how the book will look. The designer may choose the size, shape, and type styles for the book. Some picture book authors create their own illustrations （插图） . If not, an illustrator is chosen to create pictures for the book.
The illustrator makes sketches of pictures that will go on each page. The sketches are sent to the publishing company. The editor makes sure the pictures clearly tell the story. The designer checks how the words and pictures will fit together on the pages.
After the design changes are made, the illustrator begins creating the final pictures. He or she may change the colours, the perspective, or the composition of pictures. It may take months to create all the pictures.
The finished art is then sent to the publisher. The designer adjusts （调整） how the pictures and words fit together on the pages. The completed pages are sent to the printer. Many books are still made into books with paper pages.
The printer uses huge printing presses to make the pages. The pages are fixed together. The book cover is added. The finished books are then sent to the publisher’s warehouse. They are stored there until they are bought by libraries and bookstores.
E-readers have changed how some books are made. Some authors do not use a publisher at all. Instead of sending a manuscript to a publisher, some authors turn their manuscripts into eBooks themselves. Finally, an author’s eBook is uploaded （上传） to virtual bookstores on the Internet. Customers can buy and download eBooks from these websites.
11 ． According to the passage, the designer’s job is to ________.
A ． create pictures for the book B ． make an outline of the book
C ． decide how the book will look D ． correct grammatical mistakes in the book
12 ． Your first book will be published soon. What will first happen to it after the illustrator has created the final pictures?
A ． 
B ． 
C ． 
D ． 
13 ． The writer uses the LAST paragraph to ________.
A ． introduce the history of eBooks B ． describe the disadvantages of eBooks
C ． show the development of making a book D ． ask customers to support authors in making a book
14 ． The writer explains how to make a book by ________.
A ． giving causes B ． showing steps C ． providing examples D ． expressing opinions
15 ． What is the best title for the passage?
A ． From Idea to Book B ． Different Kinds of Books
C ． Workers in the Publishing House D ． Between Publishers and Customers
难度：
知识点：说明文
使用次数：169
【答案】
11 ． C
12 ． D
13 ． C
14 ． C
15 ． A
【分析】
本文向我们展示了制做一本书的过程，并提到最近比较流行的电子阅读器。
11 ．
细节理解题。根据 “After an author makes the suggested changes, a designer may decide how the book will look.” 可知，作者做出建议的修改后，设计师可能会决定书的外观。故选 C 。
12 ．
推理判断题。根据 “The finished art is then sent to the publisher. The designer adjusts （调整） how the pictures and words fit together on the pages. The completed pages are sent to the printer.” 可知，完成后的艺术作品会被送到出版商那里，设计师调整图片和文字在页面上的组合方式，完成的页面被发送到打印机。故选 D 。
13 ．
推理判断题。分析最后一段内容可知，本段介绍制作一本书的发展，故选 C 。
14 ．
细节理解题。分析全文内容可知，作者通过举例说明如何制作一本书。故选 C 。
15 ．
最佳标题题。分析全文内容可知，本文向我们展示了制做一本书的过程，并提到最近比较流行的电子阅读器。选项 A“ 从想法到书 ” 符合语境，故选 A 。
二、完型填空 (共1题)
添加该题型下试题
1.
What does the word ecology mean? It was 16 by Ernst Haeckel, a German biologist. He joined two Greek words: oikos , meaning “house”, and logie , meaning “the study of”. Together they mean “the study of the house”. The “house” Haeckel had in mind is our 17 , Earth. Earth is home for all living things—humans, animals, plants, and even tiny microbes.
To study a house is to learn how its residents （居民） use it. An ecologist is a scientist who studies the 18 between organisms （生物） and their environment. The environment is an organism’s surroundings. It may 19 water, gases, rocks, and temperature.
Ecologists also study the balance of using the environment while protecting it.
An ecologist once asked a boy 20 he thought it meant to protect the environment.
The boy said, “You go into the forest and look for somebody who wants to cut down a tree. You take away his axe. You tell him about how 21 trees are. You say they are good for natural beauty, saving soil, and giving shelter to birds and other animals. ”
“ Good answer,” said the ecologist, “ 22 it may not be easy to find a woodcutter to talk to. Also, remember that sometimes it’s 23 to cut down a tree. If we cut down too many trees, the forest will disappear. If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest. We have to find the right 24 . ”
“I get it,” the boy said. “We need the forest’s 25 for wood and paper or we might not have desks or notebooks for school.”
“Exactly—and school is a good place to learn about ecology,” added the ecologist. “Then you will know how to protect the natural environment.”
16 ． A ． proved B ． invented C ． marked D ． accepted
17 ． A ． planet B ． building C ． project D ． surface
18 ． A ． feeling B ． relationships C ． distance D ． competitions
19 ． A ． pollute B ． control C ． include D ． reduce
20 ． A ． who B ． whose C ． why D ． what
21 ． A ． wild B ． common C ． wealthy D ． important
22 ． A ． but B ． and C ． so D ． or
23 ． A ． comfortable B ． tiring C ． impossible D ． necessary
24 ． A ． mystery B ． temperature C ． balance D ． symbol
25 ． A ． soil B ． resources C ． landscape D ． wildlife
难度：
知识点：个人情况
使用次数：199
【答案】
16 ． B
17 ． A
18 ． B
19 ． C
20 ． D
21 ． D
22 ． A
23 ． D
24 ． C
25 ． B
【分析】
本文介绍了单词 “ecology” 的来源，生态学家主要研究生物与其环境之间关系以及在保护环境的同时利用环境的平衡。
16 ．
句意：它是由德国生物学家恩斯特 · 海克尔发明的。
proved 证明； invented 发明； marked 标记； accepted 接受。根据 “He joined two Greek words...” 可知， “ecology” 是由德国生物学家恩斯特 · 海克尔发明的。故选 B 。
17 ．
句意：海克尔心目中的 “ 房子 ” 是我们的行星，地球。
planet 行星； building 房子； project 项目； surface 表面。根据空后的 “Earth” 可知，地球是行星。故选 A 。
18 ．
句意：生态学家是研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学家。
feeling 感觉； relationships 关系； distance 距离； competitions 比赛。根据 “between organisms and their environment.” 以及常识可知，生态学家是研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学家。故选 B 。
19 ．
句意：它可能包括水、气体、岩石和温度。
pollute 污染； control 控制； include 包括； reduce 减少。根据 “The environment is an organism’s surroundings.” 可知，环境有机体的环境，可能包括水、气体、岩石和温度。故选 C 。
20 ．
句意：一位生态学家曾经问一个男孩，他认为这对保护环境意味着什么。
who 谁； whose 谁的； why 为什么； what 什么。此处为生态学家问男孩认为是什么，应用 what 。故选 D 。
21 ．
句意：你告诉他树有多重要。
wild 野外的； common 普遍的； wealthy 富有的； important 重要的。根据 “You say they are good for natural beauty, saving soil, and giving shelter to birds and other animals.” 可知，此处是指告诉他树木的重要性。故选 D 。
22 ．
句意：但要找一个樵夫谈话可能并不容易。
but 但是； and 并且； so 所以； or 或者。根据 “Good answer” 以及 “it may not be easy to find a woodcutter to talk to” 可知，此处表示转折关系，应用连词 but 。故选 A 。
23 ．
句意：另外，请记住，有时有必要砍倒一棵树。
comfortable 舒服的； tiring 累的； impossible 不可能的； necessary 必要的。根据 “If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest.” 可知，有时候砍树也是必要的。故选 D 。
24 ．
句意：我们必须找到正确的平衡。
mystery 秘密； temperature 温度； balance 平衡； symbol 标志。根据 “If we cut down too many trees, the forest will disappear. If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest.” 可知，我们必须在不能砍太多树和不砍树之间找到平衡。故选 C 。
25 ．
句意：我们需要森林的木材和纸张资源，否则我们可能没有课桌或笔记本供学校使用。
soil 土壤； resources 资源； landscape 风景； wildlife 野生动物。根据 “If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest.” 以及 “We need the forest’s...for wood and paper or we might not have desks or notebooks for school.” 可知，我们需要森林的资源。故选 B 。
三、未分类 (共23题)
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试题总数：
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总体难度：
中等
难度统计
难度系数
数量
占比
中等
20
58.82%
偏难
2
5.88%
容易
11
32.35%
很难
1
2.94%
题型统计
大题类型
数量
占比
阅读理解
4
11.76%
完型填空
1
2.94%
未分类
23
67.64%
作文
1
2.94%
完成句子
5
14.70%
知识点统计
知识点
数量
占比
应用文
1
2.94%
说明文
3
8.82%
个人兴趣
1
2.94%
个人情况
1
2.94%
介词和介词短语
1
2.94%
特殊疑问句
1
2.94%
反身代词
1
2.94%
宾语从句
3
8.82%
形容词比较级
1
2.94%
句子的分类
1
2.94%
从属连词辨析
1
2.94%
情景交际
3
8.82%
被动语态
1
2.94%
副词
1
2.94%
动词和动词短语
1
2.94%
名词
4
11.76%
情态动词
2
5.88%
公益行为
1
2.94%
未分类
1
2.94%
政治经济文化类
1
2.94%
数词
1
2.94%
形容词的用法
2
5.88%
陈述句
1
2.94%
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