When you have a cold, your friends can’t visit you because they don’t want to get a cold. When you are part of a family, if one of you gets a cold, often all of you get it.

1 ． . Below are four ways to help stop a cold spreading and to feel better again.

●Wash your hands.

Washing your hands is the most important way to stop the spread of colds. Cold germs ( 病菌 ) are spread by touch. The germs get onto your hands and from there into your eyes, nose and mouth. Wash your hands carefully using soap and hot water. 2 ． , they will be much less likely to get the cold.

●Cover your nose and mouth.

There is a saying that “coughs and sneezes spread illness”. 3 ． when coughing and your nose if sneezing. That way, the cold germs won’t get onto your hands and spread to things you touch such as doorknobs, tap handles or cups and plates.

● 4 ． .

Cold germs are spread very easily. You can use a disinfectant ( 消毒的 ) cleaner to clean doorknobs, taps, toilet handles. Be sure to use only your own towel, toothbrush and cup.

●Take care of yourself.

5 ． . Eat healthy simple foods such as soup or rice. Get enough rest and sleep. Stay in bed, read a book. Do your schoolwork and practice your English!

Remember that a common cold only lasts a few days. You will feel better soon.

A ． Some cold medicines can help stop aches and fever

B ． Cold germs can be spread by coughing and sneezing

C ． If all the members of your family wash their hands too

D ． Always use a piece of soft paper to cover your mouth

E.When you wash your hands every half an hour

F.Clean your house

G.There is no good method of treating the common cold

Since NASA’s Viking Task tested Martian soil back in the 1970s, we’ve known that Mars ( 火星 ) is covered with a desert—harmful to life as we know it. But since tasks to Mars paid attention to what lies under the desert, a different picture has started to appear.

This discovery of water under the Mars’ South Pole is the result of radar echoes ( 雷达回波 ) that were picked up by an instrument on a spaceship that’s been moving around Mars for 15 years. To stay liquid ( 液体 ) under the long-frozen desert of Mars, the researchers say this lake must have a lot of salts mixed in it.

It is very cold and saltiness would make it a very hard environment for any living thing. But the lead researcher, Professor Roberto Orosei from the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics, said it was not impossible for things to live there.

To search for life in this newly discovered lake, scientists will need to send a robot that’s able to make a hole through the mile of ice covering it. But at least the teams looking for life on Mars will now know where to start their search.

正确的写 “T”, 错误的写 “F” 。

1 ． NASA’s Viking Task found water in the 1970s.

2 ． The researchers believe there must be lots of salts in the underground lake.

3 ． It’s possible that there are living things in the newly discovered lake.

4 ． In order to find where water is, scientists must use a robot to make a hole through the mile of ice.

Friendships light up our lives. Everyone needs friends. Friends are very important. If you want to have good friends, you should be a good friend yourself first.

When I was 5 years old, I had a lot of friends. Almost every kid liked to play with me because I always shared my toy cars with others, Never be mean （小气的） if you want to be a good friend.

As an 11-year-old, I was captain （队长） of my soccer team I was also the best player. At the beginning, I wasn’t captain and I was the weakest player of the whole team. At that time, nobody wanted to make friends with me. Then I trained harder and harder, I made a lot of effort to catch up with the team. As the old saying goes—no pains, no gains. After a lot of hard work, I finally became a good player. My teammates wanted to make friends with me. If you want to be a good friend, always remember to make yourself stronger and stronger.

Now I’m 14. My friends and I have a lot of stress at school. I’m good at math and one of my best friends is good at English. We often help each other. I help him make progress in math. It really does work! Many of my classmates who are bad at math come to ask me for help. They become my friends as well…

Be a helpful study fellow （伙伴） if you want to be a good friend. Make yourself into a good friend and you’ll never walk alone.

1 ． What’s one supposed to do first to have good friends according to the writer?

A ． Become the best soccer player of the team.

B ． Make himself/ herself stronger than others.

C ． Help others study math or English.

D ． Become a good friend himself/ herself.

2 ． What can be inferred （推断） from the passage?

A ． One should be honest when making friends.

B ． It’s not easy to make friends when one does well in math.

C ． Those who are stronger than others have more friends.

D ． The writer hasn’t any stress while making friends with others.

3 ． What can be the best title for the passage?

A ． The importance of friends

B ． The ways of making friends

C ． The advantages of being captain

D ． The suggestions of dealing with stress

On a hot day, many people like to go to the beach. Some beaches, however, are not safe for swimming.

At some beaches, there are sharks in the water. So people put out shark nets. They help stop too many sharks from getting close to the beach. Sharks can still swim under or around the net. But if they try to swim through, they will get caught. Sharks can die if they are not cut free.

Shark nets don’t just catch sharks. They can catch other animals, too. They have caught dolphins, stingrays and turtles. Even a whale has been caught in a shark net. I took many people to get it free.

Some animals are not so lucky. They are killed in the nets. One day, a whale was swimming with her calf. The calf got caught in a shark net. The mother whale tried to get the calf to come with her. The calf was caught in the net. It couldn’t get free. The mother had to watch it die.

Many people think shark nets should not be used. Sharks are important to the ocean. They eat sick and dead fish. They help to keep the ocean clean. Sharks are the lions and the tigers of the sea.

Some people think there are other ways to keep beach safe for people. Sharks potters are people who watch for sharks. They go to a high place. Then they can look down on the beach. If they see a shark, a siren （汽笛） will sound. They put up a white flag. Then people get out of the water.

After all, the water is a shark’s home.

1 ． What can we know about shark nets according to the passage?

A ． They are used to keep sharks from coming near the beach.

B ． People place them to catch sharks, dolphins, stingrays and turtles.

C ． Sharks will be caught when they get close to them.

D ． All the animals caught by them are set free.

2 ． What does the underlined word “calf” mean in paragraph 4?

A ． A huge whale. B ． A young whale.

C ． A father whale. D ． A mother whale.

3 ． What does the writer imply （暗示） about the beach safety?

A ． People should keep away from beaches.

B ． Everyone should work as a shark spotter.

C ． It’s not the best way to put out shark nets.

D ． Some dangerous beaches should be shut down.

Do you know what a resolution is? It’s a kind of promise. Most of the time, we make promises to other people (“Mom, I promise I’m going to tidy my room when I get back from school.”) However, promises you make to yourself are resolutions, and the most common kind is New Year’s resolutions. The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions, When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going to improve our lives. Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year. This helps them to remember their resolutions. Others tell their family and friends about their wishes and plans.

There are different kinds of resolutions. Some are about physical health. For example, some people promise themselves they are going to start an exercise program or eat less fast food. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. These are about making yourself a better person. Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos, or learn to play the guitar. Some resolutions have to do with better planning, like making a weekly plan for schoolwork. For example, a student may have to find more time to study.

Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common. People hardly ever keep them! There are good reasons for this. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. Sometimes people just forget about them. For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions! How about you-will you make any next year?

1 ． The meaning of a resolution: _______________________________

2 ． The reason why people usually make resolutions at the beginning of the year:

___________________________________________________.

3 ． The way people remember their resolutions: ____________________

4 ． What the three different kinds of resolutions are about:

① __________ ② __________ ③ __________

5 ． Write two of your own resolutions for the Year of Ox （牛年） :

①__________ ② __________