2022年山东省潍坊市中考英语试题含解析
初中
整体难度：偏难
2023-03-27
题号
一
二
三
四
五
评分
一、未分类 (共1题)
添加该题型下试题
1.
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A 、 B 、 C 、 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The environment is everything around us in the natural world. It is the earth, the air, rivers, lakes, forests and seas. These are ___1___ human beings depend on for a living.
All natural waste is ___2___ . Animal waste and dead bodies are broken down by small creatures, like those worms in the soil. This is their ___3___ . The carbon dioxide that people and animals breathe （呼吸） out is used by plants to breathe and help them ___4___ . Plants give out oxygen which people and animals need to breathe in. Plants ___5___ water through their roots. They pass it out through their leaves ___6___ moisture （水分） . This moisture, together with water vapour coming from rivers and seas, rises and turns into water droplets and forms clouds. Larger water droplets then fall down in the form of ___7___ . In this way, the water goes ___8___ to the earth, rivers and seas to be used again.
However, humans have made a lot of changes to the earth. The technology and industry have made life ___9___ , but they also produce a lot of new waste. Nature finds this new waste hard or ____10____ to recycle. Man shall deal with this problem before it is too late.
1 ． A ． how B ． what C ． which D ． where
2 ． A ． avoided B ． allowed C ． reduced D ． recycled
3 ． A ． food B ． hobby C ． method D ． support
4 ． A ． grow B ． continue C ． progress D ． increase
5 ． A ． put away B ． give off C ． take up D ． hold on
6 ． A ． like B ． with C ． in D ． as
7 ． A ． wind B ． rain C ． storm D ． shower
8 ． A ． forward B ． about C ． back D ． away
9 ． A ． slower B ． easier C ． heavier D ． cheaper
10 ． A ． helpful B ． valuable C ． impossible D ． unnecessary
难度：
知识点：其他
使用次数：110
【答案】
B 2 ． D 3 ． A 4 ． A 5 ． A 6 ． D 7 ． B 8 ． C 9 ． B 10 ． C
【导语】本文主要讲述了大自然中产生的废物可以再次利用，但是科技和工业产生的废物很难再次利用，这就需要人类来处理这种污染问题。
1 ．句意：这些都是人类赖以生存的东西。
how 怎样； what 什么； which 哪一个； where 哪里。此空作动词短语 depend on 的宾语，应填 what ，故选 B 。
2 ．句意：所有的自然废物都可以回收利用。
avoided 避免； allowed 允许； reduced 减少； recycled 回收。根据 “Animal waste and dead bodies are broken down by small creatures” 可知，自然的废物都可以回收利用，故选 D 。
3 ．句意：这是它们的食物。
food 食物； hobby 爱好； method 方法； support 支持。根据 “Animal waste and dead bodies are broken down by small creatures, like those worms in the soil” 可知，动物的排泄物和尸体是小生物的食物，故选 A 。
4 ．句意：人类和动物呼出的二氧化碳被植物用来呼吸并帮助它们生长。
grow 成长； continue 继续； progress 进步； increase 增长。根据 “plants to breathe and help them ” 可知，植物吸收二氧化碳然后生长，故选 A 。
5 ．句意：植物通过根吸收水分。
put away 收好，储存； give off 发出； take up 占有； hold on 继续。根据 “water through their roots” 可知，通过根部吸收水分，故选 A 。
6 ．句意：它们通过树叶把水分散发出去。
like 像； with 带有； in 在 …… 里； as 作为。根据 “They pass it out through their leaves…moisture” 可知，被当成水分从叶子上散发出去，故选 D 。
7 ．句意：较大的水滴以雨的形式落下。
wind 风； rain 雨； storm 暴雨； shower 淋浴。根据 “Larger water droplets then fall down in the form of” 可知，较大的水滴形成了雨，故选 B 。
8 ．句意：通过这种方式，水会回到地球、河流和海洋中再次被利用。
forward 向前； about 关于； back 向后； away 离开。根据 “the water goes… to the earth, rivers and seas to be used again” 可知，水回到地球、河流和海洋中再次被利用，故选 C 。
9 ．句意：科技和工业让生活变得更容易，但它们也产生了很多新的废物。
slower 更慢的； easier 更容易； heavier 更重； cheaper 更便宜。根据 “The technology and industry have made life” 可知，科技让生活变得更容易，故选 B 。
10 ．句意：大自然发现这种新的废物很难或不可能回收利用。
helpful 有帮助的； valuable 有价值的； impossible 不可能的； unnecessary 不必要的。根据 “Nature finds this new waste hard” 可知，发现很难或不可能再次利用，故选 C 。
二、阅读理解 (共4题)
添加该题型下试题
1.
Miss Bradley: Debbie? The people at Sunny Bank—you know, the home for old people—want someone to give a talk. Could you do it?
Debbie: Me? Stand up and talk? I can’t do that.
Miss B: Debbie, it’s not a big deal.
Jess: Why not, Debbie? I mean, the old people aren’t going to laugh or be nasty.
Debbie: No, I know. But…oh, I don’t know. I’m just not brave enough, that’s all. I can’t do it, and that’s that.
Jess: Here she comes. Go on, Pete.
Pete: OK. Well, look—it’s yellow Debbie. The school chicken.
Debbie: I beg your pardon?
Pete: I hear you won’t give a talk at Sunny Bank. Ooh, all those scary old people! It’s a bit pathetic, eh, Debbie?
Debbie: Chicken? Pathetic? No one calls me that!
Debbie: Miss Bradley? I’ve changed my mind. I want to do the talk after all.
Miss B: Good for you, Debbie. How about Friday, around 5 o’clock?
Jess: It worked! Well done, Pete.
Pete: Thanks. But I don’t think I can ever talk to Debbie again!
11 ． Miss Bradley asks Debbie to_________.
A ． give a speech B ． go to a bank
C ． stand up and talk D ． look after old people
12 ． What does the underlined word chicken in Picture 3 probably mean in Chinese?
A ．小鸡 B ．勇士 C ．胆小鬼 D ．大明星
13 ． By saying such words, Jess and Pete’s real purpose is to __________.
A ． talk to Debbie B ． encourage Debbie C ． laugh at Debbie D ． make Debbie angry
难度：
知识点：应用文
使用次数：259
【答案】
A 12 ． C 13 ． B
【导语】本文讲述了 Bradley 老师想让 Debbie 在老人院演讲，她起初不同意，后来在同学的刺激下决定去试一试。
11 ．细节理解题。根据 “The people at Sunny Bank—you know, the home for old people—want someone to give a talk” 可知， Bradley 老师想让 Debbie 在老人院演讲，故选 A 。
12 ．词义猜测题。根据 “I hear you won’t give a talk at Sunny Bank. Ooh, all those scary old people! It’s a bit pathetic” 可知，嘲笑 Debbie 不敢去老人院做演讲，是一个胆小鬼，所以 chicken 表示 “ 胆小鬼 ” ，故选 C 。
13 ．推理判断题。根据 “It worked! Well done, Pete” 可知，他们说这些的目的是为了鼓励 Debbie 勇敢去老人院演讲，故选 B 。
2.
Margaret Ann Bulkley was born around 1789, in Ireland. She had big dreams. “I want to be a doctor!” But two hundred years ago a girl couldn’t become a doctor. Her uncle, James Barry, was a great painter. And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him. Years later, her uncle James Barry died, leaving her some money. It was enough to study to be a doctor.
“But a girl can’t become a doctor,” said Margaret sadly.
“Yes, you can!” said General Miranda. “All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.” Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry.
From then on, Margaret Ann Bulkley disappeared. She became James Barry and entered Edinburgh University. He took 13 subjects and worked all through the summer when the other students went on holiday.
Barry graduated in 1812 and decided to join the British Army. In his life, Dr. James Barry travelled all over the world, helping to save many lives. Before retirement, Barry had risen to the second-highest medical officer in the British Army. Barry improved the conditions for not only wounded soldiers but also the local people, and performed the first recorded successful caesarean section （剖宫产） in Africa. The secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years was only known after his death in 1865.
14 ． Who played the most important role in Margaret’s becoming a doctor?
A ． General Miranda. B ． Her uncle James Barry.
C ． A soldier in the British Army. D ． A professor from Edinburgh University.
15 ． What does the underlined word disguise in paragraph 3 mean?
A ． Change one’s clothes. B ． Dress like a doctor.
C ． Change one’s appearance. D ． Dress like a gentleman.
16 ． Which was Dr. James Barry’s achievement in his job?
A ． Becoming the highest officer in the British Army.
B ． Graduating from the most famous medical university.
C ． Improving medical conditions for the wounded soldiers.
D ． Doing the world’s first recorded caesarean section successfully.
17 ． What was the secret Dr. James Barry kept for over fifty years?
A ． James Barry left much money. B ． Dr. James Barry was a woman.
C ． Margaret died in her twenties. D ． General Miranda helped Margaret a lot.
难度：
知识点：健康
使用次数：119
【答案】
A 15 ． C 16 ． C 17 ． B
【导语】本文主要讲述了 Margaret Ann Bulkley 为了实现自己成为医生的梦想，把自己装扮成一位男性从医的故事。
14 ．细节理解题。根据 “And his friend General Miranda had a library with more than 6,000 books. Margaret loved reading there. Her intelligence impressed him” 及 “‘Yes, you can!’ said General Miranda. ‘All you have to do is to disguise as a boy.’ ” 可知，是叔叔的朋友 General Miranda 鼓励她去实现自己的梦想，故选 A 。
15 ．词义猜测题。根据 “So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes” 可知，为了成为一名医生，把自己的头发剪短，装扮成一个男孩，所以 disguise 与 Change one’s appearance 同义，故选 C 。
16 ．细节理解题。根据 “Barry improved the conditions for not only wounded soldiers but also the local people” 可知，改善了伤兵的生活条件是他所取得的成就之一，故选 C 。
17 ．推理判断题。根据 “Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy’s clothes. She also named herself James Barry” 可知，她假扮成男孩成为一名医生是她一直保守的秘密，故选 B 。
3.
What do three hearts, eight arms and one huge brain add up to? An octopus, a creature that can do amazing things. Octopuses are very clever. As they don’t have teeth or sharp claws to defend themselves, they have ever learnt a few tricks to get out of dangerous situations. Do you know how they do that?
They often hide themselves in the sand on the bottom of the ocean floor. Some octopuses like to stay in more shallow water where there are rocks. Because octopuses have very soft bodies, they can hide themselves into small spaces between the rocks to get rid of enemies.
The octopus is like a chameleon because it can change the color of its skin to match the sand. This color change happens in less than a minute.
Another way an octopus can protect itself is by shooting ink. It can shoot ink into the water. The ink forms a cloud to blind its enemies. It's like a magician doing a disappearing act.
If an octopus is being attacked, it can make itself look like a sea snake. It will bury itself in the sand except two arms. It will change the color of those arms to match a sea snake.
But what if there’s no time to escape? It can break off one of its arms. The arm will then change colors and move around the water. As the enemy starts chasing after the arm, the octopus can swim away quickly. Don’t worry, though. The octopus’ arm will grow back soon.
18 ． How many tricks are mentioned in the text?
A ． 3. B ． 4. C ． 5. D ． 6.
19 ． Why is an octopus like a chameleon?
A ． It has three hearts. B ． It has eight arms.
C ． It can make itself look like a snake. D ． It can change the color of its skin.
20 ． What does an octopus do in time of great danger?
A ． Run after its enemy. B ． Break off one arm.
C ． Fight with sharp teeth. D ． Move around the water.
21 ． What is the best title for this text?
A ． Adventures in water B ． Magician of the sea
C ． Soft bodies between rocks D ． Enemy behind the cloud
难度：
知识点：说明文
使用次数：144
【答案】
C 19 ． D 20 ． B 21 ． B
【导语】本文主要介绍了章鱼的相关信息，包括了它的外观，逃生的技能等。
18 ．细节理解题。根据 “They often hide themselves in the sand on the bottom of the ocean floor”“The octopus is like a chameleon because it can change the color of its skin to match the sand”“Another way an octopus can protect itself is by shooting ink”“If an octopus is being attacked, it can make itself look like a sea snake” 及 “It can break off one of its arms” 可知，文中一共提到了 5 种技巧，故选 C 。
19 ．细节理解题。根据 “The octopus is like a chameleon because it can change the color of its skin to match the sand” 可知，因为它可以改变皮肤的颜色来匹配沙子，故选 D 。
20 ．细节理解题。根据 “But what if there’s no time to escape? It can break off one of its arms” 可知，它可以折断一只手臂，故选 B 。
21 ．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了章鱼的几种逃生技能，就像 “ 海洋魔术师 ” 一样，故选 B 。
4.
阅读下面短文，根据短文后的要求答题。
For fans of traditional culture, the film I Am What I Am （雄狮少年） , which was first shown in the cinema on December 17, 2021, can be a good choice. The 104-minute film has connected the lion dance culture with a teenager’s pursuit （追求） of his dream.
Set in Guangdong Province, the film is about the growth of a left-behind teenager named A Juan. He met a girl who had the exact same name. Encouraged by her, A Juan made up his mind to form a lion dance team with his two close friends A Mao and A Gou. After being trained by a master, the three took part in a lion dance competition in Guangzhou. Although later A Juan had to work to support his family, he still bravely followed his dream—becoming the best lion dancer.
“It opens a new world for China’s animated （动画） film,” said an animator. Unlike most Chinese animated films today, which have to do with myths （神话） or fairy tales, I Am What I Am sets eyes on reality. This is not very common in the animation field in China. “I’ve always wanted to make an animated film about our real life. And I remembered the lion dance performances at festivals. They were so beautiful, colourful and folk. That inspired me to make a film about lion dance,” said the director.
The film has got high marks on different websites. Although it’s not perfect, many people are deeply moved. It shows not only the beauty of Chinese culture but also the spirit of the nation, according to CCTV news.
22 ． Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. （将划线句子翻译成汉语）
______________________________________________________________
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
23 ． What’s the film about? （不超过 15 个词）
_______________________________________________________________
24 ． What’s the boy A Juan’s dream?
_______________________________________________________________
根据短文内容，在空白处填入恰当的短语，使句意完整。
25 ． The film I Am What I Am sets eyes on reality means that the film story comes from __________.
26 ． As long as you catch the main idea of the film, you will take pride in _________ and _________ expressed in it.
难度：
知识点：说明文
使用次数：223
【答案】
这部 104 分钟的电影将舞狮文化与一个少年对梦想的追求联系在了一起。 23 ． It is about the growth of a left-behind teenager named A Juan. 24 ． To become the best lion dancer. 25 ． real life 26 ． the beauty of Chinese culture
the spirit of the nation
【导语】本文主要介绍《雄狮少年》这部电影的内容，以及观众对它的评价。
22 ． the 104-minute film“104 分钟的电影 ” ： connect with“ 把 …… 与 …… 连接起来 ” ； the lion dance culture“ 舞狮文化 ” ； a teenager’s pursuit of his dream“ 少年对梦想的追求 ” ，故填：这部 104 分钟的电影将舞狮文化与一个少年对梦想的追求联系在了一起。
23 ．根据 “the film is about the growth of a left-behind teenager named A Juan” 可知，主要讲述了一个名叫阿娟的留守少年的成长故事，故填 It is about the growth of a left-behind teenager named A Juan.
24 ．根据 “he still bravely followed his dream—becoming the best lion dancer” 可知，梦想是成为最好的舞狮者，故填 To become the best lion dancer.
25 ．根据 “I’ve always wanted to make an animated film about our real life” 可知，这部电影来自真实生活，故填 real life 。
26 ．根据 “It shows not only the beauty of Chinese culture but also the spirit of the nation, according to CCTV news.” 可知，会对中国文化之美以及民族精神感到骄傲，故填 the beauty of Chinese culture ； the spirit of the nation 。
三、阅读填空 (共2题)
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总体难度：
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难度统计
难度系数
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偏难
5
45.45%
中等
6
54.54%
题型统计
大题类型
数量
占比
未分类
1
9.09%
阅读理解
4
36.36%
阅读填空
2
18.18%
翻译
3
27.27%
作文
1
9.09%
知识点统计
知识点
数量
占比
其他
4
36.36%
应用文
1
9.09%
健康
1
9.09%
说明文
2
18.18%
未分类
1
9.09%
形容词的用法
1
9.09%
it的特殊用法
1
9.09%
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