阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

At 18, many American young people go off on their own. They go to college or find full­time jobs, and they often rent their own apartments. Some get married and start families. This independence (独立性) is learned from childhood. From an early age, American children learn responsibility. Children as young as 2 begin to put away their toys and dress themselves. At 3, many children do simple chores like setting the table.

      Using money wisely is also taught early. As soon as a child understands the value of money, he or she receives a weekly allowance(零花钱). This is used for things the child wants, like toys or treats. The child can spend or save it, usually with little guidance(指导) from parents. If the child wants money besides his or her allowance, it must be made by doing extra chores.

     Children are taught early in life to think for themselves. They are allowed to make some decisions and make mistakes. Failure(失败) often teaches more than success.

1．Many American young people begin to live on themselves ________.

A．at eighteen years old

B．from childhood

C．after they get married

D．from an early age

2．An American child learns to ________ at the age of 2.

A．find a full­time job

B．make decisions

C．put away his or her own clothes

D．do lots of chores

3．A child can get some more money by ________.

A．understanding the value of money

B．helping the rich

C．reading many books

D．doing extra chores

4．The passage is mainly about ________.

A．the independence of American children

B．the value of money

C．the guidance from parents

D．failure and success of American children

If there's one memory Anna wanted to keep from her experiences during the Second World War, it was her son, Andrzej.Anna,89, lost touch with him when she was forced to leave her native Poland and sent to a labor camp in Austria more than 60 years ago.Now,64，Andrzej hugged his mother at the airport, who had been waiting for him.

Andrzej searched for his mother for more than 50 years, almost giving up. But his mother made the first phone call. Unluckily, he wrote down his mother's phone number wrong and spent another month trying to reach her again.When he did, the two talked regularly on the phone for two months to break down the language barrier.Anna can hardly speak Polish over the years and Andrzej doesn't speak English.

After the war, Anna could not find her son and went to Italy, finally ending up in Great Britain，the US，then Canada 45 years ago.She used the Internet to track her son，making phone calls with no luck. Meanwhile Andrzej contacted(接触) the Polish Red Cross last year to help in his search.At last, they locate each other at the same time. Andrzej will spend a month with his mother in Britain.

1．The labor camp where Anna was sent was in ________.

A．Poland  B．Austria

C．Germany  D．France

2．How long did Andrzej look for his mother?

A．Over 30 years.  B．Over 40 years.

C．Over 50 years.  D．Over 60 years.

3．Why did Andrzej spend another month trying to reach her mother after his mother made the first phone call?

A．He had to learn English first

B．He needed some time to prove the news

C．He put down a wrong phone number

D．He had another special and important task to do.

4．Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Andrzej can speak English.

B．Anna went to Italy 40 years ago.

C．Anna is too old to use the Internet at present.

D．Andrzej turned to the Polish Red Cross for help last year.

City College Union Inc

Secretary/Typist

The Union is a student­run organization with a permanent staff(员工) of 20.Typing speed should be at least 60 wpm.

The ability to take shorthand dictation(速记) is required.

The basic salary for the position is $18,500 per year.

Emu Airline

Secretary

Emu Airline is now offering a part­time position for a secretary.

The position offers at least 20 hours' work a week, with a view to full­time work in the future.Monthly salary is about $ 1,400.

Phone 899­3264 for an appointment.

Word Processor

Operator(full­time)

We need an operator to work in an office associated with the building industry.Only experienced operators are expected to apply(申请)．

Starting salary：$17,950 yearly.

Apply in writing to：

The Personnel Officer Hill Morgan Pty Ltd,38 Green Hill Rd.Kensington 2033.

Sewing Machinist Wanted

Jeans Industry

We are an expanding clothing company located south of the city.Our products include jeans，skirts, shorts and so on.We are looking for sewing machine operators.

The factory works a 38­hour week over 4­5 days.Wages for this are $ 18,050 per year.

If you are interested, come over and pick up an application form from Ripper Jeans,23 North Ave, Beaudesert.

1．How much can you earn a year if you want to be a secretary in Emu Airline?

A．$16,800.  B．$17,950.

C．$18,050.  D．$18,500.

2．What can we learn about the clothing company?

A．It is a student­run organization.

B．Its phone number is 899­3264.

C．It is at 23 North Ave，Beaudesert.

D．it lies at 38 Green Hill Rd.Kensington.

3．Which of the following requires the ability to take shorthand dictation?

A．Emu Airline.

B．Hill Morgan Pty Ltd.

C．Ripper Jeans.

D．City College Union Inc.

Want to stay away from colds？Put on a happy face. Compared to (与……比较) unhappy people, those who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds, according to a new study. It's possible that being happy helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from New York University. “It seems that positive(积极的) feelings may reduce the danger of illness，” said the study's chief researcher Sheldon Cohen.

In an earlier study, Cohen found that people who were cheerful and lively caught coughs and colds less often.People who showed feelings were also less likely(可能的) to tell their doctors that they felt ill.

In this study, Cohen's team interviewed(会见) 193 adults every day for two weeks. During the interviews, the people told researchers about the happy or sad feelings they had that day.

After the two weeks, the people were given colds by doctors and had to stay alone in a room for six days. The results showed that everyone in the study was equally(相等地) likely to get ill.Buy for people who said they felt happy during the research period, their illness are less serious and lasted for a shorter time.

Cohen believes that when people experience positive feelings, their body may produce a chemical that helps fight illness and disease.So if you are worried about your health, look on the bright side more often.

1．The passage tells us that ________.

A．the interviewed people stayed together in a room

B．the interviewed people were given colds

C．the interviewed people suffered from bad coughs

D．the interviewed people took exercise every day

2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The sick people.  B．The doctors.

C．Cohen's team.    D．The 193 adults.

3．The result of the research is that ________.

A．Staying happy helps the body fight illnesses

B．People with good feelings became ill more easily.

C．People's feelings had nothing to do with their health.

D．people who can control their feelings are less likely to get sick.

4．According to Cohen, what may the body produce when people experience positive feelings?

A．new cells.

B．some fat.

C．A chemical.

D．a kind of anti­virus thing.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

The world's first underground(地铁) was built in London in 1863，At the time，the government was looking for a way to reduce traffic problems.There were so many people living in the poor areas of the city.__1__ If people had an easy way to get to and from work, they would live outside of the city and this would help reduce traffic problems in London.As a result, the idea of the London Underground was born.

The plans for building the London Underground met with several problems. __2_ A steam train pulled the cars along the first underground track which was six kilometers long.__3__ They were treated to comfortable seats inside the cars. However, the smoke from the engine(发动机) soon filled the air in the tunnels(隧道). _4__  Even with its problems, riding the underground did become popular.It carried nine million riders in its first year.

Modern underground has come a long way since the early days of the London Underground. __5_  Shopping malls built in traffic stations have helped the popularity of the underground.Nowadays many stations include underground department stores, supermarkets and restaurants.Shoppers never have to go above ground!

A．But the first track was finally opened in January,1863.

B．It is not easy to build the underground.

C．About 30,000 people got on the underground the first day.

D．Sometimes there are not enough seats for the passengers during rush hours.

E．Fans had to be put in the tunnels later to keep the air clean enough for people to breathe.

F．Today there are more than one hundred underground systems around the world.

G．So the officials decided to make it possible for workers to live outside of London and travel easily to work each day.