阅读下面的短文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词。请将答案填写在文后相应的横线上。
The story happened during the Second World War. A 70 – year – old man lived in a small town of Germany. His three sons all worked in the same factory where he 1 (work). After the war had begun, all his sons 2 (make) to join the army and they all died in the fights.
The old man was very sad. In the days that 3 (follow), he didn’t have enough food and was often hungry. And nobody helped him and he didn’t know how to go on 4 (live). It was becoming colder and colder. 5 (find) a way out, he had to beg from door to door. He had been to a lot of places and knew a lot.
Once he came to a village, but the villagers were all poor and couldn’t give him anything. He was too hungry 6 (go) to another village. Suddenly he saw a policeman 7 (stand) in the street and an idea came to his mind. He then shouted out, “Hitler is a pig!”
As he hoped, the old man was now enjoying some bread and a cup of hot tea 8 (give) by the policeman. “Don’t say so in our village, sir!” the policeman said after a while, “I’m sorry, sir,” said the old man, “I 9 (not say) that again. I didn’t know it 10 (be) Hitler’s hometown.” “No, no, sir,” the policeman said in a hurry, “It’s a pig’s hometown.”
1. had worked 2. were made 3. followed 4. living 5. To find
6. to go 7. standing 8. given 9. won’t say/will not say 10. was
实意动词使用方法:
及物动词
后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词(transitive verb)。如:
I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。
“How long can I keep the book ?”Harry asked.哈里问:“这本书我可以借多久?”
Dr. Bethune set us a good example. 白求恩大夫给我们树立了好榜样。
Crude oil contains many useful substances.原油含有许多有用的物质。
不及物动词
本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb)。如:
Birds fly.鸟会飞。
It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三二年六月。
My watch stopped.我的表停了。
She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 她在昨天晚上的会上发了言。
兼作及物动词和不及物动词
英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不同的情况
a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,意义不变。试比较:
Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)
She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员。(began作及物动词)
When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的?(leave 作及物动词)
They left last week. 他们是上周离开的。(left 作不及物动词)
b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,有时意义不尽相同。如:
Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。
Does this cloth wash well? 这布经得起洗吗?
实意动词的用法:
肯定句:
主语+动词过去式+其它
否定句:
主语+助动词didn‘t+动词原型+其他
一般过去式:
Did+主语+动词原型+其他
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