Mindlessly checking Facebook makes you an awful lot like a lab mouse continuously pushing a button in order to get a treat.
When you check your phone, your brain gets its own little zing; Someone might be talking about you on Facebook! No? Reload. Maybe your Instagram got a heart! Reload. Reload.
But you’re no rat. Human brains can fight the ways apps hijack our brains, if we learn some skills to deal with this problem.
Are Facebook or Twitter “addictions” (瘾) ? Recent scientific research about social media doesn’t agree on that term, but evidence that we aren’t doing well is present at dinner tables where everyone is staring at screens, and at crosswalks where absent-minded people walk into traffic.
I became mindful of my early-morning bad habits. Pre-coffee, half awake, I’d lie there for an hour with my phone. So I called up psychologists, brain scientists and app designers for advice on what actually would help me.
Surprisingly, they didn’t tell me to immediately stop, but instead, they told me I needed the skills for managing social media as part of my life.
Limit Triggers (诱因)
Our brains are made to quickly eat up information. So why let social-media companies decide when to attract you? Turn off app notifications on your phone and computer, especially for live video broadcasts. They are designed to create the fear of missing out.
Avoid Quicksand (流沙 , 陷阱)
When you’re on Facebook, it is easy to read one article, then another. Nir Eyal, author of the 2014 book “Hooked” says he forces himself not to read anything right away. Instead, he saves articles to a service called Pocket, which reads them aloud while he’s at the gym.
We hurt ourselves when we use social media as a break from serious work. Our brains need a chance to be empty. Research suggests the best way to help your brain focus is exercise, even for a short period. Staring into space would be better than refreshing Facebook.
Make New Norms
Not that long ago, you could be fired for not paying attention during a meeting or class; now, many openly use their phones or laptops. Bosses could set a better work culture by providing charging stations at meetings where everyone could leave their phones, then focus on the discussion at hand. Mr. Eyal suggests you try shaming friends who have bad habits-if you do it politely. If someone is not listening to you at dinner, ask, “Is everything OK?” The answer might start an important conversation.
Tech Should Help
The social-media industry has a responsibility here, too. Since companies usually know exactly how much time users spend on their apps, they should offer help to people who have problem behavior. And for the rest of us, let’s encourage app makers to make their products more helpful, not more demanding of our time.
1 . What does the underlined word “hijack” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A . Wash. B . Hurt. C . Control. D . Empty.
2 . Why does Mr.Eyal save articles to Pocket?
A . To rest his tired brain. B . To refresh his Facebook immediately.
C . To get more time to exercise. D . To avoid being attracted by social media.
3 . What is the best title of this passage?
A . Take a break from busy life. B . Free your brain from social media.
C . Separate social life from your work. D . Keep your life away from apps.
4 . What can we infer from the passage?
A . The social-media industry should make more app products.
B . People with problem behavior should ask brain scientists for help.
C . We should decide when to connect to social media by ourselves.
D . A company with charging stations must have a better work culture.
1 . C
2 . D
3 . B
4 . C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如今大家沉迷于社交网络,甚至影响到日常生活;作者还详细阐述了几个好方法帮助大家如何控制对社交网络的使用。
1 .
词义猜测题。根据上文 “When you check your phone, your brain gets its own little zing ; Someone might be talking about you on Facebook! No? Reload. Maybe your Instagram got a heart! Reload. Reload.” 描述的是大家非常沉迷于查看社交网络,可推知此处是指程序 “ 控制 ” 你的大脑。故选 C 。
2 .
细节理解题。根据 “Instead, he saves articles to a service called Pocket, which reads them aloud while he’s at the gym. We hurt ourselves when we use social media as a break from serious work. Our brains need a chance to be empty.” 可知是为了避免受到社交媒体的打扰。故选 D 。
3 .
标题归纳题。根据文中几个小标题 “Limit Triggers, Avoid Quicksand, Make New Norms, Tech Should Help” 可以推断出,本文最好的标题是:把你的大脑从社交媒体中解放出来。故选 B 。
4 .
推理判断题。根据 “Surprisingly, they didn’t tell me to immediately stop, but instead, they told me I needed the skills for managing social media as part of my life.” 可知作者表示我们需要管理社交媒体的技能。可以推断出我们应该自己决定什么时候接触社交媒体。故选 C 。
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A wedding(婚礼) Invitation
You’re invited to the wedding of Carrie and Henry at St John’s Church(教堂), on Saturday January 24th at 3:30 p.m. and dinner at the Blue Sky Restaurant, at 6:00p.m.
R.S.V.P: December 29th
Dear Joe, I’m so excited and I have to enjoy the news with you. Today is December 23rd, I got a very special invitation from Carrie before Christmas Day(圣诞节). Do you remember the party for the Sydney group at Henry’s house? And do you remember my best friend, Carrie? Well, guess what? Carrie and Henry are getting married? It’s so romantic! Love is here! Carrie and Henry are having a big wedding at St. John’s Church. Monica and James are going to their wedding. Oh, I can’t wait to enjoy it. I got the invitation and it is for two people. Can you come to the wedding with me? Carrie and Henry are going to Suzhou for their honey moon(蜜月). I’m buying them a camera for their wedding. But before the wedding, I’d like to get my hair cool and buy a pink dress first. Call me at 9:00 a.m., on Friday, January 23rd, OK? Maria |
36. Maria got this wedding invitation from .
A. Carrie. B. Joe. C. Monica. D. James
37. Monica and James are taking part in the wedding on .
A. Friday morning. B. Friday afternoon. C. Saturday morning. D. Saturday afternoon.
38. What does “getting married” mean in Chinese?
A. 参加聚会 B. 过圣诞节 C. 做礼拜 D. 结婚
39. The friends to the wedding party are going to have dinner .
A. in Suzhou. B. at Henry’s house C. at St John’s Church D. at the Blue Sky Restaurant
40. From the invitation card, we know that .
A. Monica is having fun in Suzhou. B. they are having the wedding in January.
C. Monica is going to buy a camera for Joe D. the wedding dinner starts at 7:00 p.m.
Do you have pen pals? I have three pen pals from three different countries. They are Tom, Ella, and Molly.
Tom comes from Australia. His favorite subject is P.E., because he likes playing soccer best and he can play it in P.E. classes. He has a sister and a brother.
Ella is an American girl. Of all her subjects, she likes Chinese best. She often writes to me in Chinese. Her favorite sport is volleyball.
Molly lives in Tokyo. She likes learning Chinese, too. But her favorite subject is math. When she has time, she likes playing tennis best. She is a very clever girl.
I love them very much.
根据短文内容,将表格补充完整。
Name | From | Living place | Favorite subject | Favorite sport |
Tom | Australia | / | 1. ______ | soccer |
Ella | 2. _____ | / | Chinese | 3. _____ |
Molly | / | 4. ____ | 5. _____ | tennis |