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1.

In most situations, light helps us seeBut nowadays humans are using too much of it so that it is in fact a kind of pollution

When it comes to looking at the night sky, too much light makes it difficult for us to watch some of life’s most wonderful sights: stars, planets and even galaxies(星系).

According to scientific research, about 2, 500 stars can be seen by the human eye without using any special equipment(设备).But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from today’s countryside, and no more than ten stars from a cityIn most big cities, people cannot see the sky filled with stars like they did in their childhood

Light pollution affects more than just our view of skyResearch shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife, too

When birds fly to another place over cities, they sometimes get lost by the brightness and fly in circles(圈) until they drop from tirednessSea turtles(海龟) need dark beaches for laying eggs, but they can’t find their ideal places because of those bright lights

Too much light at night may even affect human health, but scientists are not sure of that They are still learning more

In order to prevent things from going worse, governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollutionMany cities and towns have taken action to reduce the use of lights at nightLights are used only when and where they are truly neededThey also shine lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky and use lower brightness levels

Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the clear and beautiful sky again and all the wildlife will live a peaceful and undisturbed life, too

1Why does the writer think that too much light is a kind of pollution?

A Because there are fewer and fewer stars

B Because human health has been affected

C Because too much light is a waste of energy

D Because some of the wildlife can be harmed

2Which of the following is NOT mentioned(提到)in this passage?

A The problems that light pollution has caused

B The reason why humans use too much light

C The ways that light pollution can be reduced

D The reason why fewer stars can be seen than before

3Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A There are about 2,500 stars in the sky

B Humans want to do nothing to reduce light pollution

C Sea turtles always get lost and die from tiredness

D Something has been done to reduce light pollution

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题型:阅读理解
知识点:科普环保类
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考点梳理:
根据可圈可点权威老师分析,试题“ ”主要考查你对 健康环保类阅读 等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“资料梳理”如下:
◎ 健康环保类阅读的定义
健康环保类阅读:
本类型主要是围绕饮食健康、医疗卫生及环境保护等方面选取实际的材料来设题。
体裁有记叙文、说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
◎ 健康环保类阅读的知识扩展
     本类型主要是围绕饮食健康、医疗卫生及环境保护等方面选取实际的材料来设题。体裁有记叙文、
说明文、议论文和各种应用文。

◎ 健康环保类阅读的知识点拨
健康环保类阅读题答题注意事项和技巧:
应试生态环保类题目时,在理解文章的基础上,要重点突破——归纳主旨大意技能,因为推断是以整体理解为基础的推断能力。
1.归纳主旨大意:
(1)寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是:找出每小段的主题句。
主题句通常有这样的特点:
①有一个话题(topic);
②有阐述控制性概念,偶尔也可在一段中间;
③有的文章无明显主题句,主题句隐含在段意之中。这就需要读者进一步加工概括了。
(2)寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
应观察全文的结构安排,理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”,考虑文章组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的,分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心大意来安排的。
(3)典型错误:
①忽视文章的结构;
②混淆了中心与支撑细节或材料的区别;
③忽视文章表意的倾向性;
④漏掉了主要的特征词。

2.正确推理判断:
推理判断试题要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实,在通篇理解文章的基础上领会作者的言外之意,并作出正确的推理和判断。
(1)数据推断题
解答此类题,关键是要善于捕捉有关数字的信息,然后在透彻理解原文的字面意义和题意的基础上,运用自己的数学知识,对其进行分析、推算,从而得出正确的结论。
(2)知识推断题
根据文章中所阐述的细节,运用基础知识进行分析、推敲,从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。
(3)逻辑结论推断题
根据事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料,不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。
解答这类题的前提是要首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的具体事实,然后按题意要求进行推断。
(4)对作者态度、倾向的推断题
作者的倾向和感情往往隐含在文章的字里行间,或流露于修饰的词语之中,因此,在推断过程中,应特别注意文中作者的措辞。
◎ 健康环保类阅读的考试要求
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1.

The world is not only hungry but also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 70%of the earth's surface is covered with water. But about 97%of that is sea water or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%of fresh water from rivers, lakes, underground and so on. And we can not even use all of that because some of it has been made dirty.

    Earth Day is April 22. But on all other days, we must also remember how important water is. The water that we use is the most important natural resource on the earth. Today we face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. All kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very bad for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish, too.

    How do cars and factories make our water dirty? First they pollute the air. Then when it rains, the rain water makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain, called acid rain(酸雨), is also bad for plants, animals and buildings. Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world won't have enough dean water. We have to learn how to stop wasting water. One of the first steps is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water i~ used only once and then sere out into a sewer system(下水道). From there it returns to the sea or goes underground.

    But even though every large city reused its water, we would still not have enough. So we should make use of sea water by removing the salt in it. If we can take these steps, fresh water won't be used up.

1. The world is thirsty for water because______.

 Awe don't have enough fresh water

 Ba lot of water goes into sewer systems

 Conly 70% of the earth's surface is water

 Dsea water is widely used rather than fresh water

2. The underlined word "face" means"______".

 Aturn the face down                      Bturn the face up

 Cturn the face to                            Dturn the face back

3. From this passage, we know acid rain________.

 Ais only bad for living things

 Bis not bad for buildings and factories

 Ccan be produced in factories

 Dis bad for people, animals, plants and buildings

4. One difficult way we can solve the problem is to ______.

 Ause the water with salt in it                           Bremove the salt from sea water

 Cget water from underground                         Dreuse the water in cities

5. What is the best title for this passage?

AFresh water and sea water                           BA thirsty country

CThe importance of water                            DThe world's water problem

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1.

When you’re curious (好奇) about something, and want to know more about it, you can use the way of asking questions. Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers. The steps below can guide you during the research (研究).

Step 1   On a notecard or piece of paper, write down the subject that you are interested in. Just get the main idea down. For example, you might write: Discover more about dinosaurs.

Step 2   Next, stop and think for a moment about what you already know about your subject. List what you already know like the sentences below:

1 Dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared.

2 Dinosaurs lived on the earth for more than 150 million years.

3 Some dinosaurs fed on plants, some on meat.

Step 3   What can you do with what you want to learn? By asking questions. On your paper, start writing down questions about the dinosaurs as you think of them:

1What’s the best weather for dinosaurs to live in?

2How many kinds of dinosaurs are there?

3Have dinosaurs really disappeared?

Step 4   Armed with your list of questions, you can now go to the nearest library or computer to begin your research. As you learn more about your subject, you’ll probably discover some new questions. For example, you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. Why? What happened? Asking new questions can help you research your subject more widely.

The next time you find something interesting to research, take time to organize (组织) your thinking by asking good questions. And remember — learning more always brings more questions.

1When you do some research, you should take the following steps:        .

  ① list what you want to know          ② choose a research subject

③ list what you already know          ④ discover new problems

A④③①②       B①④③②       C②③①④        D③②④①

2From the passage, we know  .

Adinosaurs appeared after human beings

Bnot all the dinosaurs fed on meat

Cdinosaurs lived on the earth for 65 million years

Ddinosaurs liked warm seasons

3What does “Armed with your list of questions” mean?

APutting your list of questions under your arm

BDiscussing your questions with your classmates

CWriting down your list of questions

DTaking your list of questions with you

4According to the passage, which one is true?

AYou can find all the answers online

BLearn more, and you’ll have no questions

CAsking questions is the only way for research

DDuring the research, you may keep finding new questions

5The best title for this passage is “                        ”.

ADiscovering Dinosaurs                 BAsking Good Questions

CFinding Subjects                      DLearning Steps

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1.

 The computer plays an important part in our everyday life. It is one of the great __1__ in the world in the __2__ century. It works for us not only at home, in the offices, in big shops, __3__ at schools. Today it is used __4__ many ways. It really __5__ the world large wealth (财富) and happiness.
  The first computer in the world was __6__ Enid. It was built in America in 1946. It was __7__ and heavy. __8__ it was born, it has been developing very fast. Until now it has gone __9__ four periods(时期,阶段)and changed a lot. Therere many kinds of computers. Computers are getting smaller and smaller and computing faster and faster. It becomes more and more __10__.
  The computer can do most of the things __11__ the people. It can help us to __12__ about the real world more quickly, to learn __13__ we want to learn and to think __14__ ourselves. __15__ a student in the twenty-first century, you must work hard at it.

  1. A. inventions     B. discoveries C. robots               D. inventors
  2. A. twenty-first   B. twenties   C. twelfth      D. twentieth
  3. A. also             B. but also     C. too            D. either
  4. A. in              B. to             C. by             D. over
  5. A. takes            B. helps         C. gets           D. brings
  6. A. found           B. invented     C. called       D. bought
  7. A. easy             B. small         C. large         D. light
  8. A. For              B. Until         C. When      D. Since
  9. A. by                B. across      C. through     D. against
  10.A. serious         B. harmful.    C. dangerous D. helpful
  11.A. for             B. to             C. at              D. with
  12.A. set              B. tell         C. know               D. talk
  13.A. what            B. that           C. which        D. who
  14.A. of               B. about        C. out            D. for
  15.A. For             B. Be            C. As             D. To

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1.

Mary did not( 1 )such sentences as “She is blue today.”, “You are yellow.”, “He has a( 2) thumb(大拇指).”, “He has told a little white lie.”, and so on. And she went to her teacher (3 )help.

“Mrs. Smith, there is a (4 )in each of these sentences. What do they mean?” she asked.

“In( 5 )English, Mary, blue( 6) means sad. Yellow—afraid. A person( 7 )a green thumb grows plants well and a white lie is not a bad one, “ the teacher said.

“Would you give me an( 8) for a white lie, teacher?”

“Certainly. Now I give you a cake. In fact you don’t like it, but you won’t say it.( 9 )you say, ‘No, thanks, I’m not( 10 ).’ That’s a white lie.”

(  ) 1. A. know         B. understand      C. read       D. see

(  ) 2. A. blue           B. yellow         C. white      D. green

(  ) 3. A. for             B. to                 C. with          D. by

(  ) 4. A. word          B. colour          C. mistake     D. question

(  ) 5. A. today          B. common      C. everyday   D. usual

(  ) 6. A. sometimes   B. some times  C. sometime   D. some time

(  ) 7. A. to               B. with             C. of              D. at

(  ) 8. A. answer       B. book           C. question     D. example

(  ) 9. A. And           B. Instead        C. But             D. Also

(  ) 10. A. ill             B. happy          C. full             D. hungry

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