初中英语2021年山东省烟台市英语中考试题含解析

一、完型填空 (共2题)

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1.

Being a parent is without doubt among the most challenging jobs in the world. But no matter how 1 it is, some people voluntarily （主动地） take this role—even if they don’t have to. We know them as “foster （收养） parents”.

Katie Holstein is one such example. In 2017, though unmarried, she decided to become a mother. Eight months later, she got a license and was 2 to become a first ﹣ time mom to two babies. It was not an easy 3 for Katie. However, she made it. The babies were looked after very well.

Over the next three years, this 4 mom fostered 16 children. They were all under five years old because she wasn’t willing to take teenagers. However, her attitude changed when she met a teenage girl named Akyra.

Akyra’s foster family needed a break. Katie was asked to let Akyra 5 with her for a week. To Katie’s surprise, she and Akyra got on well. They had the same 6 such as watching movies and reading novels. As time went on, the pair grew 7 . Katie made up her mind to foster her for real. Akyra was 14 at that time and planned to live with Katie until she aged out of the system at 18 years old.

Now Katie’s story is 8 known. She hopes it will encourage other people to 9 their homes to foster kids. “Being a real family doesn’t always mean being connected by blood. Sometimes, it just means being connected by the 10 . I promise you there are children in your community right now who need a safe place to land. They need willing families, not perfect ones,” explained Katie.

1 ． A ． interesting B ． exciting C ． unhealthy D ． difficult

2 ． A ． forced B ． encouraged C ． allowed D ． asked

3 ． A ． task B ． question C ． exam D ． rule

4 ． A ． beautiful B ． powerful C ． careful D ． regretful

5 ． A ． stay B ． come C ． communicate D ． compete

6 ． A ． difficulties B ． ideas C ． interests D ． friends

7 ． A ． stranger B ． quicker C ． stronger D ． closer

8 ． A ． widely B ． clearly C ． nearly D ． directly

9 ． A ． build B ． open C ． clean D ． change

10 ． A ． brain B ． age C ． money D ． heart

难度：

知识点：公益行为

使用次数：239

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【答案】

1 ． D

2 ． C

3 ． A

4 ． C

5 ． A

6 ． C

7 ． D

8 ． A

9 ． A

10 ． D

【分析】

本文讲述了一位名为凯蒂的女孩，没有结婚，却收养了一些孩子的故事。

1 ．

句意：但是不管有多困难，有些人会自愿承担这个角色 —— 即使他们没有必要。

interesting 有趣的； exciting 令人兴奋的； unhealthy 不健康的； difficult 困难的。根据前文的 “Being a parent is without doubt among the most challenging jobs in the world.” 可知，为人父母是很难的工作。故选 D 。

2 ．

句意： 8 个月后，她拿到了许可证，第一次成为了两个孩子的母亲。

forced 强迫； encouraged 鼓励； allowed 允许； asked 要求。根据 “she got a license” 可知，她取得了许可证，因此被允许成为两个孩子的母亲，故选 C 。

3 ．

句意：这对凯蒂来说不是一件容易的事。

task 任务； question 问题； exam 考试； rule 规则。根据前文的 “become a first ﹣ time mom to two babies” 可知，她第一次当妈妈，照顾两个婴儿，因此这不是一件容易的事，故选 A 。

4 ．

句意：在接下来的三年里，这位细心的母亲收养了 16 个孩子。

beautiful 漂亮的； powerful 强大的； careful 认真的，细心的； regretful 后悔的。根据前文的 “The babies were looked after very well.” 可知，这两个婴儿被照顾得很好，因此她是一个细心的母亲，故选 C 。

5 ．

句意：凯蒂被要求让阿基拉和她住一个星期。

stay 停留，待； come 来； communicate 交流； compete 竞争。根据后文的 “she and Akyra got on well.” 可知，她们相处得很好，因此表示她们两个待在一起，故选 A 。

6 ．

句意：她们有相同的兴趣，例如看电影和读小说。

difficulties 困难； ideas 主意； interests 兴趣； friends 朋友。根据 “such as watching movies and reading novels” 可知，看电影和读小说，这是她们的兴趣，故选 C 。

7 ．

句意：随着时间的推移，这两个人的关系更亲密了。

stranger 更奇怪的； quicker 更快的； stronger 更强壮的； closer 更亲密的。根据前文的 “she and Akyra got on well.” 可知，她们相处得好，因此表示关系更亲密了。故选 D 。

8 ．

句意：现在凯蒂的故事被广泛知道。

widely 广泛的； clearly 清楚地； nearly 几乎； directly 直接地。根据后文的 “She hopes it will encourage other people to…their homes to foster kids.” 可知，她希望她的故事能鼓励其他父母，因此表示她的故事被广泛知道，故选 A 。

9 ．

句意：她希望这将鼓励其他人去建立自己的家庭，来收养孩子。

build 建造； open 打开； clean 打扫； change 改变。根据 “to foster kids” 可知，要收养孩子，应是建立家庭，故选 A 。

10 ．

句意：有时候，这只是心与心的联系。

brain 大脑； age 年龄； money 金钱； heart 心脏。根据后文的 “They need willing families” 可知，他们需要有意愿的家庭，因此表示要有心的联系，故选 D 。

2.

阅读下而短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Twitter Bryan and his wife Jessica love animals. When they were helping out in a local pet rescue （救助） store, they made friends with a cat 1 ．（ call ） Wyatt. They decided to take it home 2 ．（ make ） it feel special and loved.

Wyatt liked to watch birds from the window. However, birds seldom show themselves during the winter months. So Bryan came up with 3 ． idea to solve this problem. He searched 4 ． some bird videos and showed them to Wyatt.Wyatt loved the videos very much.

In order to let Wyatt live more comfortably. Bryan decided to give it something more-its own bedroom. After 5 ．（ look ） around their house, Bryan found that the roof could 6 ．（ change ） into Wyatt’s room. He was excited at the thought. “It will be a perfect place in our tiny house.” Bryan said.

Bryan built a bed from 7 ．（ piece ） of wood while Jessica cut up old pillows （枕头） to use as a mattress （床垫） . After that, they prepared some old balls for Wyatt to play with. Although they used mostly recycled materials, the tiny bedroom was 8 ．（ true ） wonderful. It was Wyatt’s 9 ．（ person ） bedroom. Wyatt spent a lot of time there.Wyatt really enjoyed it as much as a kid 10 ． finally got his own bedroom. Now, Wyatt is living happily with the couple.

难度：

知识点：短文填空

使用次数：159

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【答案】

1 ． called

2 ． to make

3 ． an

4 ． for

5 ． looking

6 ． be changed

7 ． pieces

8 ． truly

9 ． personal

10 ． who

【分析】

本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一对夫妇关心动物的事情。

1 ．

句意：他们和一只叫怀亚特的猫交了朋友。根据句意，修饰词和被修饰词之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词来表达，含有被动含义； call 的过去分词是 called 。故填 called 。

2 ．

句意：他们决定把它带回家，让它感到特别和被爱。根据句意，空处是目的状语，应用动词不定式来表达，构成形式为 to do 。故填 to make 。

3 ．

句意：所以布莱恩想出了一个解决这个问题的办法。根据句意，空处的词表示泛指，且 idea 是以元音音素开头，故不定冠词应用 an 。故填 an 。

4 ．

句意：他搜索了一些鸟类视频，并把它们给怀亚特看。搜索： search for ，固定搭配。故填 for 。

5 ．

句意：布赖恩环顾了他们的房子，发现屋顶可以变成怀亚特的房间。空处的动词在介词之后，应用动名词形式 looking 。故填 looking 。

6 ．

句意：布赖恩环顾了他们的房子，发现屋顶可以变成怀亚特的房间。根据句意，主语和动词之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；结合空前 could 可知，应用情态动词的被动语态，构成形式为：情态动词 +be+done ； change 的过去分词是 changed 。故填 be changed 。

7 ．

句意：布赖恩用木块搭了一张床，杰西卡则把旧枕头剪成床垫。 piece ，片、块，可数名词；根据语境，此处应用复数形式 pieces 。故填 pieces 。

8 ．

句意：尽管他们使用的大多是可回收的材料，但这间小小的卧室真是太棒了。根据句意，空处的词是修饰形容词，应是副词； true ，形容词，真正的，对应的副词是 truly ，真正地。故填 truly 。

9 ．

句意：那是怀亚特的私人卧室。空处的词是修饰名词，应是形容词； person ，人，名词，对应的形容词是 personal ，私人的。故填 personal 。

10 ．

句意：怀亚特真的很享受，就像一个终于有了自己卧室的孩子一样。根据句子结构可知，空处的词是引导定语从句，先行词为人且在从句中作主语，应用 who 。故填 who 。

二、阅读填空 (共1题)

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1.

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。

Imagine you are studying English, then you feel the need to check your phone. 1 ． This process, when repeated many times, could reduce( 降低 )your ability to learn new materials. It is what you might call a bad habit.

2 ． Wendy Wood is a psychologist( 心理学家 ) and an expert on habits. In her book Good Habits, Bad Habits, she points out that repeatedly checking the phones is one of the bad habits. She offers some ideas on how people can cut back on their cell phone use.

One suggestion is to wear a watch. 3 ．

Another suggestion is to increase the number of steps you need to take in order to use your cell phone. “Silence it. Turn it off… Turn on Flying Mode,” she writes. 4 ． For example, you can put your phone inside a backpack.

Wood also suggests another way to reduce the use of your cell phone. She says you can ask one of your family members to watch you and remind you every time you check your phone.

Finally, Wood suggests one kind of reward( 奖励 ), you could give yourself for not looking at your phone ﹣ reading a good book.

Today, we discussed ideas for reducing your cell phone use. 5 ． Habit changes take time. But with planning, repetition and insistence, you can do it.

A ． You can also use these ideas to break other bad behaviors.

B ． Today we will discuss how you can break such a kind of bad habit.

C ． Perhaps you are learning new words and expressions on your phone.

D ． This will give you no excuse for looking at the phone—checking the time.

E.You return to your study, only to look again at your phone a short time later.

F.She adds that you can move your phone to a place that is more difficult to reach.

难度：

知识点：热点话题

使用次数：154

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【答案】

1 ． E

2 ． B

3 ． D

4 ． F

5 ． A

【分析】

本文是告诉读者在学习过程中如何改掉离不开手机的坏习惯。

1 ．

根据后一句 “This process, when repeated many times, could reduce your ability to learn new materials.” 可知，此处应该描述在学习过程中离不开手机的行为，选项 E“You return to your study, only to look again at your phone a short time later. 你回到书房，不久后又看了看你的手机。 ” 符合语境，故选 E 。

2 ．

根据该段后文 “Wendy Wood is a psychologist and an expert on habits…She offers some ideas on how people can cut back on their cell phone use.” 可知，此处首句应是总的说下面要谈论怎么能改掉这种坏习惯，选项 B“Today we will discuss how you can break such a kind of bad habit. 今天我们将讨论你怎样才能改掉这种坏习惯。 ” 符合语境，故选 B 。

3 ．

根据前一句 “One suggestion is to wear a watch.” 可知，此处应该说明按照这个建议去做的好处，选项 D“This will give you no excuse for looking at the phone—checking the time. 这将使你没有理由看手机核对时间。 ” 符合语境，故选 D 。

4 ．

根据后一句 “For example, you can put your phone inside a backpack.” 可知，此处是说把手机放到难拿到的地方，选项 F“She adds that you can move your phone to a place that is more difficult to reach. 她补充说，你可以把手机放到一个更难拿到的地方。 ” 符合语境，故选 F 。

5 ．

根据该段后文 “Habit changes take time. But with planning, repetition and insistence, you can do it.” 可知，这里是要表述这些观点可以改变其它坏习惯，选项 A“You can also use these ideas to break other bad behaviors. 你也可以用这些想法来改变其他不良行为。 ” 符合语境，故选 A 。

三、阅读理解 (共4题)

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1.

Tallest Indoor Rock Climbing Wall

Challenge, risk, success, pride, and teamwork—the “Pilot Rock” is a symbol of reaching new heights. It is 35 feet high, the tallest indoor rock climbing wall in New York City.

“Pilot Rock” offers challenges for those from beginners to advanced （高级的） climbers!

Whether it’s your own activity or as a main event of your next birthday party, climbing the “Pilot Rock” is a thrilling and unusual activity to try.

Guided by experienced staff, we try every means to make climbing safe for everyone.

Attention

ωSign up （报名） is first ﹣ come, first ﹣ serve.

ωThere are no reservations （预定） .

ωClimbers must be wearing climbing shoes.

ωThe times may change because of other activities.

Please call Customer Service at 718 ﹣ 758 ﹣ 7500 with any questions about the open times.

Paths （路线）

The far left of the wall is for newcomers,which has a straight path up the rock wall.

As you move further to the right, it is the second path, which is harder to climb with difficult holdings and turns.

The third path is a true test of better body strength, only for the most experienced.

The fourth path is quite different. Newcomers can make their ways slowly up to the top from the sideways with easy holdings.

Information

ωDates & Times

Friday:

5:00 p.m. —9:00 p.m.

Saturday ：

11:00 a.m. —9:00 p.m.

Sunday ：

11:00 a.m. —6:00 p.m.

ωPrice for two climbs

Non ﹣ members:

＄ 12.00 per person

Members:

＄ 10.80 per person

1 ． What is special about the “Pilot Rock”?

A ． Members are asked to wear the same kind of climbing shoes.

B ． It’s the only rock climbing wall with experienced guide staff.

C ． Most people choose to climb the “Pilot Rock” on their birthdays.

D ． It’s taller than any other indoor rock climbing wall in New York City.

2 ． How can you know whether the open times will change or not?

A ． By doing other activities.

B ． By calling 718-758-7500.

C ． By making a reservation.

D ． By reading the introduction.

3 ． Which path is challenging for advanced climbers?

A ． The left path.

B ． The second path.

C ． The third path.

D ． The fourth path.

4 ． As a member, how much should you pay for six climbs?

A ．＄ 32.40. B ．＄ 36.00. C ．＄ 61.80. D ．＄ 72.00.

5 ． The passage above may be ________.

A ． a notice B ． a plan C ． a sign D ． a poster

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知识点：应用文

使用次数：224

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【答案】

1 ． D

2 ． B

3 ． C

4 ． A

5 ． D

【分析】

本文是一则广告，介绍了纽约市最高的室内攀岩墙 Pilot Rock 。

1 ．

细节理解题。根据 “It is 35 feet high, the tallest indoor rock climbing wall in New York City.” 可知，它是纽约市最高的室内攀岩墙，因此它比纽约市其他室内攀岩墙都高，故选 D 。

2 ．

细节理解题。根据 “The times may change because of other activities. Please call Customer Service at 718-758-7500 with any questions about the open times.” 可知，你可以拔打 718-758-7500 了解时间变化。故选 B 。

3 ．

细节理解题。根据 “The third path is a true test of better body strength, only for the most experienced.” 可知，第三条路是对高级的攀岩的人的考验。故选 C 。

4 ．

推理判断题。根据 “Price for two climbs…Members: ＄ 10.80 per person” 可知， 2 次攀登的会员价是每人 10.80 美元，因此 6 次攀登是 10.80×3= ＄ 32.40 ，故选 A 。

5 ．

推理判断题。根据 “Tallest Indoor Rock Climbing Wall” 可知，这是纽约市最高的室内攀岩墙的广告，故选 D 。

2.

Sophia is a most famous robot. She comes from Hanson Robotics, and David Hanson, head of Hanson Robotics, is her creator. He has been developing robots in the past 25 years. He believes realistic ﹣ looking robots will be able to connect with people and help industries such as healthcare and education.

Sophia has many abilities. She can copy human facial expressions, hold conversations and recognize people by their looks or voices. She can also speak, joke, sing and even make music. Now, the next step is to make her an artist. Hanson is so excited about this idea.He imagines Sophia as a creative artwork and she herself can create art as well.

In March, a digital （数字的） artwork Sophia created with an Italian artist, Andrea Bonaceto, was sold for ＄ 688.888.The digital work is titled "Sophia Instantiation".It's a 12 ﹣ second video which shows Bonaceto's portrait （肖像） changing into Sophia's digital painting.Along with it is the physical artwork painted by Sophia.

The buyer, a digital artwork collector and artist, later sent Sophia a photo of his painted arm.The robot then added that photo to her knowledge and painted more on top of her artwork.Sophia described the work as the first digital artwork cooperated （合作） between an AI and an artwork collector.

Sophia's artwork is part of a growing trend （趋势） .More and more digital artworks are on sale now.For example, a digital artwork by an artist, Beeple, was sold for nearly ＄ 70 million, becoming the most expensive digital artwork ever sold.

1 ． What do we know about Hanson?

A ． He is interested in painting.

B ． He makes little money from Sophia.

C ． He created the robot Sophia.

D ． He spent 25 years developing Sophia.

2 ． What does the underlined word "recognize" in Paragraph Two mean?

A ． Punish. B ． Meet. C ． Comfort. D ． Know.

3 ． Why did Sophia think her artwork was cooperated between an AI and a collector?

A ． Because the collector taught her how to paint.

B ． Because she copied the painting of the collector.

C ． Because she added the collector's painting to hers.

D ． Because all her works were collected by the collector.

4 ． What can we infer （推断） from the last paragraph?

A ． Sophia's artwork costs the most.

B ． Beeple must be a very famous artist.

C ． No one can afford digital artworks.

D ． Digital artworks are all made by robots.

5 ． What can be the best title for the passage?

A ． Sophia, a Robot Artist.

B ． David Hanson.Creator of Sophia.

C ． Digital Artworks, Popular Again.

D ． Hanson Robotics, Sophia's Company.

难度：

知识点：科普知识与现代技术

使用次数：186

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【答案】

1 ． C

2 ． D

3 ． C

4 ． B

5 ． A

【分析】

本文主要介绍了机器人 Sophia 不但可以模仿认识人类，她还能创造数码艺术作品，并且她的艺术作品已成为增长趋势的一部分。

1 ．

细节理解题。根据 “She comes from Hanson Robotics, and David Hanson. head of Hanson Robotics, is her creator.” 可知， Hanson 创造了机器人 Sophia 。故选 C 。

2 ．

词句猜测题。根据 “She can copy human facial expressions” 以及 “ by their looks or voices” 可推断， Sophia 不仅可以复制人类的面部表情，还可以通过他们的面貌和嗓音认知他们。故选 D 。

3 ．

细节理解题。根据 “The buyer, a digital artwork collector and artist, later sent Sophia a photo of his painted arm.The robot then added that photo to her knowledge and painted more on top of her artwork” 可知，索菲亚将买家发过来的照片添加到了自己的知识里，然后再添加到自己的艺术品中，所以她把她的艺术作品称之为人工智能和收藏家的合作。故选 C 。

4 ．

推理判断题。根据 “a digital artwork by an artist, Beeple, was sold for nearly ＄ 70 million, becoming the most expensive digital artwork ever sold.” 可知， Beeple 的画以近 7000 万美元的价格售出，成为有史以来最昂贵的数码艺术品。由此可推断， Beeple 一定是一位非常有名的艺术家。故选 B 。

5 ．

最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了机器人 Sophia 。根据 “Sophia's artwork is part of a growing trend （趋势） .More and more digital artworks are on sale now” 可知， Sophia 也是一位数码艺术家，她的艺术作品是增长趋势的一部分。故选 A 。