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2021年山东省菏泽市英语中考试题含解析
2021年山东省菏泽市英语中考试题含解析
初中
整体难度:中等
2021-08-17
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一、阅读理解 (共5题)
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1.

Zhang Yufei has made a name for herself as the new butterfly queen at this year’s National Swimming Championships (锦标赛) . During the nine days of the event, she won five gold medals and a silver one.

“With the Olympic Games drawing near, I feel more and more nervous, but I’m doing everything I can to relax and to focus on my game,” Zhang says. All eyes will be on the 23-year-old girl to see if she will pick up two gold medals in Tokyo.

Tianwen 1 landed on Mars (火星) on May 15, 2021 successfully. It’s China’s first probe (探测器) to land on a planet other than Earth.

China named its first Mars exploration mission (任务) Tiaraven 1 on April 24, 2020, China’s fifth Space Day.

The name comes from a poem of the same name by Qu Yuan, one of the greatest poets of ancient China. In his poem, Qu Yuan asked questions about the sky, stars, nature and the world around us. He questioned traditional ideas and looked for the truth of the universe.

The Bulgarian national qualification contest of the 20th “Chinese Bridge”, a major international Chinese professional competition for foreign university students, was held in Sofia on Sunday.

The event, organized by the Chinese embassy (大使馆) in Bulgaria and the Confucius Institute in Sofia, was COVID-19, with seven students from three universities attending.

The “Chinese Bridge” competition is organized every year to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese and improve their understanding of Chinese culture.

1 How many medals did Zhang Yufei win at this year’s National Swimming Championships?

A 5. B 6. C 8.

2 How does Tianwen 1 get its name?

A It was named by Qu Yuan

B It landed on Mars for the first time.

C It comes from the name of Qu Yuan’s Tianwen.

3 What do you know about the 20th “Chinese Bridge” competition?

A It was organized by Bulgarian people.

B It was organized to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese.

C Seven students from Sofia came to China to attend the competition.

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知识点:阅读表达
使用次数:121
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【答案】

1 B

2 C

3 B

【分析】

本文是三组时事新闻报道:张雨霏在全国游泳锦标赛上获得了五枚金牌和一枚银牌;中国首次火星探测人物 天问 1 的名字的由来;第 20 汉语桥 国际汉语专业大赛在保加利亚首都索非亚举行。

1

细节理解题。根据 “During the nine days of the event, she won five gold medals and a silver one” 可知,得了五枚金牌,一枚银牌,总计六枚奖牌,故选 B

2

细节理解题。根据 “The name comes from a poem of the same name by Qu Yuan” 可知,这个名字来自于屈原的一首同名诗,故选 C

3

细节理解题。根据 “The “Chinese Bridge” competition is organized every year to inspire foreign students to learn Chinese and improve their understanding of Chinese culture” 可知, 汉语桥 这个大赛的目的是为了激励外国学生学习汉语,故选 B

2.

Like most kids, Landon Kenstrick, 5 years old, has a favorite animal. However, his favorite animal is quite different from other kids’. He loves pangolins.

Pangolins have small heads and long, broad tails. They are toothless. They have small ears, but their hearing is good.

Their sense of smell is well-developed, too. But their sight is poor. When they feel frightened, they roll up into a ball to protect themselves. “My favorite thing about the pangolin is the scales (鳞片) it has on its body. They look cool, “Landon said.

Landon first learned about pangolins from a TV show, Wild Kratts. Knowing that pangolins are facing the danger of dying out, Landon quickly decided to take action to protect them. He wanted to tell everyone he knew about them. On Halloween, he had his parents carve (雕刻) a pangolin into their pumpkin (南瓜) , so that when people asked what it was, he could tell them all about his favorite animal. When Christmas came around, Landon had only one wish: to save the pangolins. His parents had him “adopt (领养) ” a pangolin in Landon’s name. They also came up with a good idea. They helped Landon make Christmas gifts to sell to help raise money for the pangolins at a market. So far, he has raised $ 400.

If you think a 5-year-old boy is too young to save the pangolins, you’d be wrong. Landon told us nobody’s too young to save anything.

1 What can we know about pangolins?

A They have great sight. B They have good hearing. C They have poor sense of smell.

2 How do pangolins protect themselves when they are in danger?

A They take off their scales. B They roll up into a ball C They fight with their teeth.

3 Why did Landon have his parents carve a pangolin into their pumpkin?

A He wanted to put protecting pangolins into action.

B He wanted to make the pumpkin beautiful

C He wanted to raise more money.

4 What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph?

A A 5-year-old boy can’t save pangolins.

B Children can also save something.

C It is wrong to save pangolins.

难度:
知识点:记叙文
使用次数:131
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【答案】

1 B

2 B

3 A

4 B

【分析】

本文主要讲述了一位五岁的孩子最喜欢的动物是穿山甲,并介绍了穿山甲的外貌和特点,他知道现在穿山甲正面临灭绝的危险,他决定要采取行动来保护它们。从他的事例告诉我们,没人会因为年轻而无法拯救穿山甲。

1

细节理解题。根据 “They have small ears, but their hearing is good” 可知,它们的听力很好,故选 B

2

细节理解题。根据 “When they feel frightened, they roll up into a ball to protect themselves” 可知,当它们感到害怕时,就会蜷缩成一团来保护自己,故选 B

3

细节理解题。根据 “Knowing that pangolins are facing the danger of dying out, Landon quickly decided to take action to protect them. He wanted to tell everyone he knew about them” 可知,让他的父母在南瓜上刻穿山甲是为了让更多的人了解穿山甲的情况,他想把保护穿山甲付诸行动,故选 A

4

细节理解题。根据 “If you think a 5-year-old boy is too young to save the pangolins, you’d be wrong. Landon told us nobody’s too young to save anything.” 可知,作者在最后一段想告诉我们孩子们也可以拯救一些东西,故选 B

3.

Think about what you like to wear on the weekend. There’s a good chance that you like to put on a pair of blue jeans. At any moment, about half of the world’s population is wearing jeans. But according to a new study, our love for jeans may be bad for Earth. Denim (牛仔布) might be putting some sea animals in danger.

Every time we wash our jeans, tiny bits of denim will flow out of our washing machines, down into the world’s rivers, lakes and oceans.

You might wonder: Isn’t denim made of cotton, a natural material? How can it become a danger to nature? Well, in the process of making jeans, denim is treated with many types of man-made chemicals. Some improve its durability (耐用性) and feel; others give jeans their blue color.

Scientists studied the Great Lakes in America and the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. They found denim waste in all of the samples (样本) they had collected. It is feared that the harmful chemicals in denim have spread far and wide. Scientists aren’t yet sure how these chemicals might harm animals.

In the study, the scientists also washed jeans to see how many bits of denim each pair would drop per wash. The answer was frightening: About 50,000. Not all of them make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants hold back 83 to 99 percent of them. This may sound pretty good, However, one percent of 50,000 bits are still 500 per wash. Now think about the number of jeans around the world and the times each of them gets washed. As a result, a large amount of denim waste still gets into the environment.

Does this mean we shouldn’t wear jeans? Probably not “We need to buy fewer jeans and only wash them when we truly need to do it,” says Sam Athey, one of the scientists. “You don’t need to wash your jeans after having worn them only a couple of times.”

1 What influence might denim have on sea animals?

A It might do harm to some sea animals.

B It has no influence on sea animals.

C It is good to all the sea animals.

2 Why do people add man-made chemicals when making jeans?

①To save the materials and make more money.

②To improve denim’s durability and feel.

③To make jeans blue.

A ①② B ①③ C ②③

3 How many bits of denim might get into the environment every year?

A Five hundred. B Fifty thousand. C Too many to count.

4 What should we do according to Sam Athey’s words?

A We are not supposed to wear jeans.

B We need to wash our jeans every day.

C We should buy fewer jeans and wash them fewer times.

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知识点:说明文
使用次数:256
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【答案】

1 A

2 C

3 C

4 C

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文,向我们介绍清洗牛仔布会对环境造成污染,建议我们少买牛仔裤,少清洗。

1

细节理解题。根据 “Denim (牛仔布) might be putting some sea animals in danger.” 可知,牛仔布可能会让一些海洋动物处于危险之中。故选 A

2

细节理解题。根据 “Some improve its durability (耐用性) and feel; others give jeans their blue color.” 可知,人们在制作牛仔裤时添加人造化学物质一是为了它的耐用性和触感,二是为了牛仔裤变成蓝色。故选 C

3

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中内容可知,每条牛仔裤都会有至少 500 片废料,结合 “Now think about the number of jeans around the world and the times each of them gets washed. As a result, a large amount of denim waste still gets into the environment.” 可知,每年有数不清的牛仔布会污染环境。故选 C

4

推理判断题。根据 “We need to buy fewer jeans and only wash them when we truly need to do it” “You don’t need to wash your jeans after having worn them only a couple of times.” 可知, Sam Athey 建议我们应该少买些牛仔裤,少洗几次。故选 C

4.

Zhu Keming never thought he would be a hero one day, but he was just that on Saturday when he saved the lives of six runners during the mountain marathon (马拉松) in Baiyin, Gansu Province, in which 21 people lost their lives.

It started off as a normal day for the 49-year-old shepherd , who was taking care of his more than 30 sheep on the mountainside. But soon the weather was terrible, with rainfall and hail. The rain got so heavy that he couldn’t see clearly and had to run into a cave where he normally went to have a rest. Soon he fell asleep in the cave after covering himself with some quilts he had stored there.

But he was awakened at 2 pm by an unusual sound that was not coming from his sheep. The sound that woke Zhu was the cry of a runner in the marathon. He was wet from head to toe and trembling because of cold. Zhu took him into the cave, lit a fire and covered the stricken (受伤的) runner with his quilts.

Zhu said that there were soon five runners huddling (挤作一团) in the cave, and he then decided to go outside to try to attract the attention of rescuers (救援者) . When he risked coming out of the cave, he found another stricken runner lying on the ground in bad condition. Then the other runners came out of the cave to give a hand. Zhu and the six runners remained huddled around the fire in his cave until 7 pm, when the rescue team arrived.

“I just did what I had to when I saw that these people were in danger. I think everyone would do the same thing in such a situation, “Zhu said to Beijing News.

Luo Chongchuan, the village head of Changsheng, where Zhu and his family live, said that the shepherd is a warm-hearted person who often helps his villagers.

1 What does the underlined word “shepherd” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?

A .牧羊人 B .指导者 C .国王

2 What can we know about Zhu Keming from the passage?

A Zhu Keming is the head of his village.

B Zhu Keming is a warm-hearted and helpful person.

C Zhu Keming saved six runners on a Saturday morning.

3 What’s the best title for the passage?

A Shepherd saved six stricken runners.

B 21 runners lost their lives in Baiyin.

C How to realize our hero dreams?

4 Where does this passage probably come from?

A A guide book. B A website. C A science book.

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【答案】

1 A

2 B

3 A

4 B

【分析】

本文主要讲述了牧羊人朱克铭救助了六名越野赛选手的英勇事迹。

1

词义猜测题。此句是一个定语从句,根据 “who was taking care of his more than 30 sheep on the mountainside” 可知,在山上照看 30 多只养的人,通常被称作为 牧羊人 ,所以 shepherd 表示 牧羊人 ,故选 A

2

细节理解题。根据 “the shepherd is a warm-hearted person who often helps his villagers” 可知,他是一个热心,乐于助人的人,故选 B

3

最佳标题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了牧羊人朱克铭救助了六名越野赛选手的英勇事迹,故选 A

4

推理判断题。本文主要讲述的是朱克铭救助了六名越野赛选手的英勇事迹,最有可能在网站上看到此篇文章,故选 B

5.

Poverty (贫困) is a big problem around the world. But China has done a good job of dealing with it and it has found its own way to fight poverty. Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary (平凡的) people play a big role in the fight. Here are two of them.

After graduating from Beijing Normal University in 2016, Huang Wenxiu gave up the chances to work in big cities and returned to her hometown of Baise in Guangxi and served as the village’s Party chief. A total of 418 villagers were lifted out of poverty thanks to her efforts. Unluckily, she died in a flash flood at the age of 30 while driving back to her village in Baise. She was given the title “role model of the times” by the central government.

When Mao Xianglin started to work as the Party secretary of his village, there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. It took them seven years to build an eight-kilometer road. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Last year, their orange yield (产量) was nearly 40 tons. Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online. By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capita income (人均收入) reached 12, 670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s.

1 How does China help poor people to fight poverty?

___________________________

2 What prize was given to Huang Wenxiu?

___________________________

3 How do young people sell oranges in Mao Xianglin’s village?

___________________________

4 .请把文中的划线句子翻译成汉语。

___________________________

5 .请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。

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使用次数:265
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【答案】

1 China tries to educate people and gives them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty.

2 She was given the title “role model of the times”.

3 Young people sell oranges online.

4 .他们花了七年时间修了一条八公里长的路。

5 Two ordinary people.

【分析】

本文主要介绍了两个典型的帮助人们脱贫致富的人物事例。

1

根据 “Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty” 可知,中国帮助贫困人口脱贫的方法是:努力教育人们,给他们帮助他们摆脱贫困所需要的工具,故填 China tries to educate people and gives them the tools  they need to lift themselves out of poverty.

2

根据 “She was given the title “role model of the times” by the central government.” 可知,她被中央政府授予 时代楷模 的称号,故填 She was given the title “role model of the times”.

3

根据 “Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online” 可知,年轻人回到村里在网上卖橘子,故填 Young people sell oranges online.

4

it took sb some time to do sth“ 某人花费时间做某事 them“ 他们 seven years“ 七年 build an eight-kilometer road“ 修建一条八公里长的路 ,故填:他们花了七年时间修了一条八公里长的路。

5

通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了两个平凡的人在中国脱贫致富这条路上的贡献,故填 Two ordinary people.

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试题总数:
19
总体难度:
中等
难度统计
难度系数
数量
占比
中等
11
57.89%
容易
6
31.57%
偏难
2
10.52%
题型统计
大题类型
数量
占比
阅读理解
5
26.31%
完型填空
1
5.26%
选择题
10
52.63%
作文
1
5.26%
信息匹配
1
5.26%
阅读填空
1
5.26%
知识点统计
知识点
数量
占比
阅读表达
1
5.26%
记叙文
1
5.26%
说明文
1
5.26%
公益行为
2
10.52%
语法填空
1
5.26%
冠词
1
5.26%
名词
1
5.26%
人生百味类
1
5.26%
形容词辨析
1
5.26%
单词拼写
1
5.26%
动词和动词短语
1
5.26%
并列连词辨析
1
5.26%
动词时态
1
5.26%
宾语从句
1
5.26%
情景交际
1
5.26%
日常生活类
1
5.26%
应用文
1
5.26%
未分类
1
5.26%
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