A tree has roots. People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It’s the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from.
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives ( 侦探 ) looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes ( 前缀 ) and suffixes ( 后缀 ) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let’s look at one common root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it?
·If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying. ·If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday. ·If you have no alternative, you have no other choice. |
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
26 . What does the underlined word “ it ” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A . The situation. B . The crime scene.
C . A new and difficult word. D . Everything that is known.
27 . If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”?
A . They each pay half. B . Jim pays every time.
C . They take turns paying. D . Their parents pay for them.
28 . How does the author explain his ideas about root words?
A . By giving a fact. B . By taking an example.
C . By telling a story. D . By having a discussion.
29 . “Sen” from the Latin word means “old”. Which word uses this Latin root?
A . My brother is my senior by two years. B . He was ill so he was absent from school.
C . A criminal was sentenced to death by law. D . 60 students were present at the sports meeting.
30 . Which of the following shows the structure ( 结构 ) of the passage?
(①=paragraph 1 ②=paragraph 2,…)
A . B .
C .
D .
C 27 . C 28 . B 29 . A 30 . B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,向我们介绍学习语言的一些方法。
26 .推理判断题。根据 “the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.” 可知,当遇到一个新的和困难的单词时,第一件要做的事情是判断情况,查看所有已知的东西,看看它是否有助于我们理解它的意思。此处 it 指的是 “ 一个新的和困难的单词 ” ,故选 C 。
27 .推理判断题。根据 “If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying.” 可知,如果你和你的朋友喜欢出去吃饭,你先付钱,下次由对方付钱。 “alternating paying” 的意思是 “ 轮流付钱 ” ,故选 C 。
28 .推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,作者通过举例来解释他对词根的看法,故选 B 。
29 .推理判断题。根据 “ ‘Sen’ from the Latin word means ‘old’.” 可知, “Sen” 来自拉丁语,意思是 “ 老 ” ,结合选项 “My brother is my senior by two years.” 表示 “ 我哥哥比我大两岁 ” 与之相符,故选 A 。
30 .篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知,第一段引出主题;第二段介绍处理文本时需要注意的东西;第三、四段介绍前后缀和词根的问题;第五段总结。故选 B 。
登录并加入会员可无限制查看知识点解析
A wedding(婚礼) Invitation
You’re invited to the wedding of Carrie and Henry at St John’s Church(教堂), on Saturday January 24th at 3:30 p.m. and dinner at the Blue Sky Restaurant, at 6:00p.m.
R.S.V.P: December 29th
Dear Joe, I’m so excited and I have to enjoy the news with you. Today is December 23rd, I got a very special invitation from Carrie before Christmas Day(圣诞节). Do you remember the party for the Sydney group at Henry’s house? And do you remember my best friend, Carrie? Well, guess what? Carrie and Henry are getting married? It’s so romantic! Love is here! Carrie and Henry are having a big wedding at St. John’s Church. Monica and James are going to their wedding. Oh, I can’t wait to enjoy it. I got the invitation and it is for two people. Can you come to the wedding with me? Carrie and Henry are going to Suzhou for their honey moon(蜜月). I’m buying them a camera for their wedding. But before the wedding, I’d like to get my hair cool and buy a pink dress first. Call me at 9:00 a.m., on Friday, January 23rd, OK? Maria |
36. Maria got this wedding invitation from .
A. Carrie. B. Joe. C. Monica. D. James
37. Monica and James are taking part in the wedding on .
A. Friday morning. B. Friday afternoon. C. Saturday morning. D. Saturday afternoon.
38. What does “getting married” mean in Chinese?
A. 参加聚会 B. 过圣诞节 C. 做礼拜 D. 结婚
39. The friends to the wedding party are going to have dinner .
A. in Suzhou. B. at Henry’s house C. at St John’s Church D. at the Blue Sky Restaurant
40. From the invitation card, we know that .
A. Monica is having fun in Suzhou. B. they are having the wedding in January.
C. Monica is going to buy a camera for Joe D. the wedding dinner starts at 7:00 p.m.
Do you have pen pals? I have three pen pals from three different countries. They are Tom, Ella, and Molly.
Tom comes from Australia. His favorite subject is P.E., because he likes playing soccer best and he can play it in P.E. classes. He has a sister and a brother.
Ella is an American girl. Of all her subjects, she likes Chinese best. She often writes to me in Chinese. Her favorite sport is volleyball.
Molly lives in Tokyo. She likes learning Chinese, too. But her favorite subject is math. When she has time, she likes playing tennis best. She is a very clever girl.
I love them very much.
根据短文内容,将表格补充完整。
Name | From | Living place | Favorite subject | Favorite sport |
Tom | Australia | / | 1. ______ | soccer |
Ella | 2. _____ | / | Chinese | 3. _____ |
Molly | / | 4. ____ | 5. _____ | tennis |